Differentiating Kinds of Systemic Stressors With Relation to Psychotic-Like Experiences in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: The Stimulation, Discrepancy, and Deprivation Model of Psychosis

Teresa Vargas; Katherine S.F. Damme; K. Juston Osborne; Vijay A. Mittal

doi:10.1177/21677026211016415

Differentiating Kinds of Systemic Stressors With Relation to Psychotic-Like Experiences in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: The Stimulation, Discrepancy, and Deprivation Model of Psychosis

Teresa Vargas^*, Katherine S.F. Damme, K. Juston Osborne, Vijay A. Mittal

^*Corresponding author for this work

Psychology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Conceptualizations that distinguish systems-level stress exposures are lacking; the stimulation (lack of safety and high attentional demands), discrepancy (social exclusion and lack of belonging), and deprivation (SDD; lack of environmental enrichment) theory of psychosis and stressors occurring at the systems level has not been directly tested. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 3,207 youths, and associations with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) were explored. Although model fit was suboptimal, five factors were defined, and four were consistent with the SDD theory and related to PLEs. Objective and subjective or self-report exposures for deprivation showed significantly stronger PLE associations compared with discrepancy and objective stimulation factors. Objective and subjective or self-report measures converged overall, although self-report stimulation exhibited a significantly stronger association with PLEs compared with objective stimulation. Considering distinct systems-level exposures could help clarify putative mechanisms and psychosis vulnerability. The preliminary approach potentially informs health policy efforts aimed at psychopathology prevention and intervention.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	291-309
Number of pages	19
Journal	Clinical Psychological Science
Volume	10
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026211016415
State	Published - Mar 2022

Funding

Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (https://abcdstudy.org ), held in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive. This is a multisite, longitudinal study designed to recruit more than 10,000 children ages 9 to 10 and follow them over 10 years into early adulthood. A full list of supporters is available at https://abcdstudy.org/federal-partners.html. A listing of participating sites and a complete listing of the study investigators can be found at https://abcdstudy.org/Consortium_Members.pdf. ABCD consortium investigators designed and implemented the study and/or provided data but did not necessarily participate in analysis or writing of this article. This article reflects the views of the authors and may not reflect the opinions or views of the National Institutes of Health or ABCD consortium investigators. The ABCD data repository grows and changes over time. The ABCD data used in this report can be found at https://doi.org/10.15154/1506121.

Keywords

belonging
deprivation
neighborhood crime
neighborhood population density
psychosis
psychotic-like experiences
schizophrenia
social exclusion
stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Psychology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1177/21677026211016415

Cite this

@article{1e12295bc02543889aee639989a183dc,

title = "Differentiating Kinds of Systemic Stressors With Relation to Psychotic-Like Experiences in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: The Stimulation, Discrepancy, and Deprivation Model of Psychosis",

abstract = "Conceptualizations that distinguish systems-level stress exposures are lacking; the stimulation (lack of safety and high attentional demands), discrepancy (social exclusion and lack of belonging), and deprivation (SDD; lack of environmental enrichment) theory of psychosis and stressors occurring at the systems level has not been directly tested. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 3,207 youths, and associations with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) were explored. Although model fit was suboptimal, five factors were defined, and four were consistent with the SDD theory and related to PLEs. Objective and subjective or self-report exposures for deprivation showed significantly stronger PLE associations compared with discrepancy and objective stimulation factors. Objective and subjective or self-report measures converged overall, although self-report stimulation exhibited a significantly stronger association with PLEs compared with objective stimulation. Considering distinct systems-level exposures could help clarify putative mechanisms and psychosis vulnerability. The preliminary approach potentially informs health policy efforts aimed at psychopathology prevention and intervention.",

keywords = "belonging, deprivation, neighborhood crime, neighborhood population density, psychosis, psychotic-like experiences, schizophrenia, social exclusion, stress",

author = "Teresa Vargas and Damme, {Katherine S.F.} and Osborne, {K. Juston} and Mittal, {Vijay A.}",

note = "Funding Information: Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (https://abcdstudy.org ), held in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive. This is a multisite, longitudinal study designed to recruit more than 10,000 children ages 9 to 10 and follow them over 10 years into early adulthood. A full list of supporters is available at https://abcdstudy.org/federal-partners.html. A listing of participating sites and a complete listing of the study investigators can be found at https://abcdstudy.org/Consortium_Members.pdf. ABCD consortium investigators designed and implemented the study and/or provided data but did not necessarily participate in analysis or writing of this article. This article reflects the views of the authors and may not reflect the opinions or views of the National Institutes of Health or ABCD consortium investigators. The ABCD data repository grows and changes over time. The ABCD data used in this report can be found at https://doi.org/10.15154/1506121. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1177/21677026211016415",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "10",

pages = "291--309",

journal = "Clinical Psychological Science",

issn = "2167-7026",

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Differentiating Kinds of Systemic Stressors With Relation to Psychotic-Like Experiences in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: The Stimulation, Discrepancy, and Deprivation Model of Psychosis. / Vargas, Teresa; Damme, Katherine S.F.; Osborne, K. Juston et al.
In: Clinical Psychological Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, 03.2022, p. 291-309.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Differentiating Kinds of Systemic Stressors With Relation to Psychotic-Like Experiences in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: The Stimulation, Discrepancy, and Deprivation Model of Psychosis

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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