@article{1b63488c29cf4f3786b2dfeb2b003d4f,
title = "Dissecting the Functional Consequences of De Novo DNA Methylation Dynamics in Human Motor Neuron Differentiation and Physiology",
abstract = "The somatic DNA methylation (DNAme) landscape is established early in development but remains highly dynamic within focal regions that overlap with gene regulatory elements. The significance of these dynamic changes, particularly in the central nervous system, remains unresolved. Here, we utilize a powerful human embryonic stem cell differentiation model for the generation of motor neurons (MNs) in combination with genetic mutations in the de novo DNAme machinery. We quantitatively dissect the role of DNAme in directing somatic cell fate with high-resolution genome-wide bisulfite-, bulk-, and single-cell-RNA sequencing. We find defects in neuralization and MN differentiation in DNMT3A knockouts (KO) that can be rescued by the targeting of DNAme to key developmental loci using catalytically inactive dCas9. We also find decreased dendritic arborization and altered electrophysiological properties in DNMT3A KO MNs. Our work provides a list of DNMT3A-regulated targets and a mechanistic link between de novo DNAme, cellular differentiation, and human MN function. Kiskinis and colleagues demonstrate that DNA methylation dynamics play a central role in the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells toward highly specialized motor neurons. Through a combination of molecular and functional analysis they identify key transcriptional mediators of these effects and link DNA methylation to neuronal patterning and function.",
keywords = "DNA methylation, DNMT3A, ESCs, cell fate, epigenetics, motor neurons, neurogenesis, spinal cord development",
author = "Ziller, {Michael J.} and Ortega, {Juan A.} and Quinlan, {Katharina A.} and Santos, {David P.} and Hongcang Gu and Martin, {Eric J.} and Christina Galonska and Ramona Pop and Susanne Maidl and {Di Pardo}, Alba and Mei Huang and Meltzer, {Herbert Y.} and Andreas Gnirke and Heckman, {C. J.} and Alexander Meissner and Evangelos Kiskinis",
note = "Funding Information: The pLV-TETi-PAX6-2A-GFP plasmid is a gift of Danwei Huangfu. The Kiskinis lab acknowledges support by the Les Turner ALS Foundation, the Muscular Dystrophy Association, and institutional funds from Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine; M.J.Z., by the BMBF eMed (01ZX1504) and the Max Planck Society; K.A.Q., by Target ALS; and A.M., by the New York Stem Cell Foundation, NIH grants (1P50HG006193, P01GM099117, R01DA036898), and the Max Planck Society. A.M. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Investigator. E.K. is a Les Turner ALS Research and Patient Center Investigator. Funding Information: The pLV-TETi-PAX6-2A-GFP plasmid is a gift of Danwei Huangfu. The Kiskinis lab acknowledges support by the Les Turner ALS Foundation , the Muscular Dystrophy Association , and institutional funds from Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine ; M.J.Z., by the BMBF eMed ( 01ZX1504 ) and the Max Planck Society ; K.A.Q., by Target ALS ; and A.M., by the New York Stem Cell Foundation , NIH grants ( 1P50HG006193 , P01GM099117 , R01DA036898 ), and the Max Planck Society . A.M. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Investigator . E.K. is a Les Turner ALS Research and Patient Center Investigator . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2018",
month = apr,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1016/j.stem.2018.02.012",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "22",
pages = "559--574.e9",
journal = "Cell Stem Cell",
issn = "1934-5909",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "4",
}