Diversity in the breadfruit complex (Artocarpus, Moraceae): genetic characterization of critical germplasm

Nyree Zerega; Tyr Wiesner-Hanks; Diane Ragone; Brian Irish; Brian Scheffler; Sheron Simpson; Francis Zee

doi:10.1007/s11295-014-0824-z

Diversity in the breadfruit complex (Artocarpus, Moraceae): genetic characterization of critical germplasm

Nyree Zerega^*, Tyr Wiesner-Hanks, Diane Ragone, Brian Irish, Brian Scheffler, Sheron Simpson, Francis Zee

^*Corresponding author for this work

Program in Biological Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) is a traditional staple crop in Oceania and has been introduced throughout the tropics. This study examines important germplasm collections of breadfruit and its closest wild relatives and aims to (1) characterize genetic diversity, including identification of unknown and duplicate accessions, (2) evaluate genetic structure and hybridization within the breadfruit complex, and (3) compare utility of microsatellite markers to previously reported amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and isozyme markers in differentiating among cultivars. Data for 19 microsatellite loci were collected for 349 individuals (representing 255 accessions) including breadfruit (A. altilis), two wild relatives (Artocarpus camansi and Artocarpus mariannensis), and putative hybrids (A. altilis × A. mariannensis). Accessions were of mixed ploidy and regional origin, but predominantly from Oceania. Microsatellite loci collectively had a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.627 and distinguished 197 unique genotypes sorted into 129 different lineages, but a single genotype accounts for 49 % of all triploid breadfruit examined. Triploid hybrids and diploid A. altilis exhibited the highest levels of diversity as measured by allele number and gene diversity. Most accessions (75 %) of unknown origin matched either a known genotype or lineage group in the collection. Putative hybrids all had genetic contributions from A. mariannensis but ranged in the level of genetic contribution from A. altilis. Microsatellite markers were found to be more informative than isozyme markers and slightly less informative, with regard to accession discrimination, than AFLP markers. This set of microsatellite markers and the dataset presented here will be valuable for breadfruit germplasm management and conservation.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1-26
Number of pages	26
Journal	Tree Genetics and Genomes
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0824-z
State	Published - Nov 23 2015

Funding

The authors thank the Breadfruit Institute and the USDA/ARS National Plant Germplasm System for use of plant material, Ian Cole for collecting the samples at Kahanu Garden at NTBG, the Trustees and Fellows of NTBG for their support of the Breadfruit Institute, and two reviewers who provided valuable feedback that improved the manuscript. The research was made possible in part by National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0919119 and support from USDA/ARS and the Chicago Botanic Garden.

Keywords

Artocarpus
Breadfruit
Germplasm conservation management
Microsatellites
Plant genetic resources
Underutilized crops

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Forestry
Molecular Biology
Genetics
Horticulture

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s11295-014-0824-z

Cite this

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title = "Diversity in the breadfruit complex (Artocarpus, Moraceae): genetic characterization of critical germplasm",

abstract = "Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) is a traditional staple crop in Oceania and has been introduced throughout the tropics. This study examines important germplasm collections of breadfruit and its closest wild relatives and aims to (1) characterize genetic diversity, including identification of unknown and duplicate accessions, (2) evaluate genetic structure and hybridization within the breadfruit complex, and (3) compare utility of microsatellite markers to previously reported amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and isozyme markers in differentiating among cultivars. Data for 19 microsatellite loci were collected for 349 individuals (representing 255 accessions) including breadfruit (A. altilis), two wild relatives (Artocarpus camansi and Artocarpus mariannensis), and putative hybrids (A. altilis × A. mariannensis). Accessions were of mixed ploidy and regional origin, but predominantly from Oceania. Microsatellite loci collectively had a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.627 and distinguished 197 unique genotypes sorted into 129 different lineages, but a single genotype accounts for 49 % of all triploid breadfruit examined. Triploid hybrids and diploid A. altilis exhibited the highest levels of diversity as measured by allele number and gene diversity. Most accessions (75 %) of unknown origin matched either a known genotype or lineage group in the collection. Putative hybrids all had genetic contributions from A. mariannensis but ranged in the level of genetic contribution from A. altilis. Microsatellite markers were found to be more informative than isozyme markers and slightly less informative, with regard to accession discrimination, than AFLP markers. This set of microsatellite markers and the dataset presented here will be valuable for breadfruit germplasm management and conservation.",

keywords = "Artocarpus, Breadfruit, Germplasm conservation management, Microsatellites, Plant genetic resources, Underutilized crops",

author = "Nyree Zerega and Tyr Wiesner-Hanks and Diane Ragone and Brian Irish and Brian Scheffler and Sheron Simpson and Francis Zee",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the Breadfruit Institute and the USDA/ARS National Plant Germplasm System for use of plant material, Ian Cole for collecting the samples at Kahanu Garden at NTBG, the Trustees and Fellows of NTBG for their support of the Breadfruit Institute, and two reviewers who provided valuable feedback that improved the manuscript. The research was made possible in part by National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0919119 and support from USDA/ARS and the Chicago Botanic Garden. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.",

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doi = "10.1007/s11295-014-0824-z",

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AU - Ragone, Diane

AU - Irish, Brian

AU - Scheffler, Brian

AU - Simpson, Sheron

AU - Zee, Francis

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank the Breadfruit Institute and the USDA/ARS National Plant Germplasm System for use of plant material, Ian Cole for collecting the samples at Kahanu Garden at NTBG, the Trustees and Fellows of NTBG for their support of the Breadfruit Institute, and two reviewers who provided valuable feedback that improved the manuscript. The research was made possible in part by National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0919119 and support from USDA/ARS and the Chicago Botanic Garden. Publisher Copyright: © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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N2 - Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) is a traditional staple crop in Oceania and has been introduced throughout the tropics. This study examines important germplasm collections of breadfruit and its closest wild relatives and aims to (1) characterize genetic diversity, including identification of unknown and duplicate accessions, (2) evaluate genetic structure and hybridization within the breadfruit complex, and (3) compare utility of microsatellite markers to previously reported amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and isozyme markers in differentiating among cultivars. Data for 19 microsatellite loci were collected for 349 individuals (representing 255 accessions) including breadfruit (A. altilis), two wild relatives (Artocarpus camansi and Artocarpus mariannensis), and putative hybrids (A. altilis × A. mariannensis). Accessions were of mixed ploidy and regional origin, but predominantly from Oceania. Microsatellite loci collectively had a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.627 and distinguished 197 unique genotypes sorted into 129 different lineages, but a single genotype accounts for 49 % of all triploid breadfruit examined. Triploid hybrids and diploid A. altilis exhibited the highest levels of diversity as measured by allele number and gene diversity. Most accessions (75 %) of unknown origin matched either a known genotype or lineage group in the collection. Putative hybrids all had genetic contributions from A. mariannensis but ranged in the level of genetic contribution from A. altilis. Microsatellite markers were found to be more informative than isozyme markers and slightly less informative, with regard to accession discrimination, than AFLP markers. This set of microsatellite markers and the dataset presented here will be valuable for breadfruit germplasm management and conservation.

AB - Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) is a traditional staple crop in Oceania and has been introduced throughout the tropics. This study examines important germplasm collections of breadfruit and its closest wild relatives and aims to (1) characterize genetic diversity, including identification of unknown and duplicate accessions, (2) evaluate genetic structure and hybridization within the breadfruit complex, and (3) compare utility of microsatellite markers to previously reported amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and isozyme markers in differentiating among cultivars. Data for 19 microsatellite loci were collected for 349 individuals (representing 255 accessions) including breadfruit (A. altilis), two wild relatives (Artocarpus camansi and Artocarpus mariannensis), and putative hybrids (A. altilis × A. mariannensis). Accessions were of mixed ploidy and regional origin, but predominantly from Oceania. Microsatellite loci collectively had a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.627 and distinguished 197 unique genotypes sorted into 129 different lineages, but a single genotype accounts for 49 % of all triploid breadfruit examined. Triploid hybrids and diploid A. altilis exhibited the highest levels of diversity as measured by allele number and gene diversity. Most accessions (75 %) of unknown origin matched either a known genotype or lineage group in the collection. Putative hybrids all had genetic contributions from A. mariannensis but ranged in the level of genetic contribution from A. altilis. Microsatellite markers were found to be more informative than isozyme markers and slightly less informative, with regard to accession discrimination, than AFLP markers. This set of microsatellite markers and the dataset presented here will be valuable for breadfruit germplasm management and conservation.

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Diversity in the breadfruit complex (Artocarpus, Moraceae): genetic characterization of critical germplasm

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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