Abstract
Purpose: Investigate if the type of substance use disorder (SUD) in adolescence predicts SUDs in adulthood and examine sex and racial/ethnic differences in the persistence of SUDs. Methods: Data are from the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a 15-year longitudinal study of 1829 youth randomly sampled from detention in Chicago, IL (1995–1998). Interviewers assessed SUDs using structured diagnostic interviews. Results: Compared with females without an SUD at detention, females with cannabis alone, comorbid alcohol and cannabis, or SUDs other than alcohol and cannabis at detention had higher odds of having an SUD 5 years later (25%, 32%, and 36% vs. 15%, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–3.40; AOR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.58–4.83; AOR = 3.46, 95% CI 1.56–7.66, respectively). Males and females with SUDs other than alcohol and cannabis at detention had greater odds of having an SUD 15 years later, compared with those without an SUD at detention (males: 36% vs. 14%, AOR = 2.98, 95% CI 1.14–7.83; females: 29% vs. 8%, AOR = 4.77, 95% CI 1.85–12.30). Among youth with an SUD at detention, males were more likely than females to have an SUD 15 years later (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.03–3.29); non-Hispanic White and Hispanic males were more likely to persist than Black males (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.50–7.35; AOR = 2.32, 95% CI 1.04–5.18, respectively). Discussion: The type of SUD during adolescence matters. Youth with SUDs such as cocaine and opioids fared the worst. Healthcare providers must collaborate with correctional officials to increase service provision.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 210-219 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Adolescent Health |
| Volume | 76 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 2025 |
Funding
This work was supported by grants National Institute on Drug Abuse grants R01DA042082, R01DA019380, R01DA022953, and R01DA028763; National Institute of Mental Health grants R01MH54197 and R01MH59463 (Division of Services and Intervention Research, and Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS); and Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice grants, 2008-JF-FX-0068, 2005-JL-FX-0288, and 1999-JE-FX-1001. Major funding was also provided by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the National Institutes of Health Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Center for Mental Health Services, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, and National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention), the National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women's Health, the National Institutes of Health Office of Rare Disease Research, the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, The William T. Grant Foundation, and The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Additional funds were provided by The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Owen L. Coon Foundation, The Open Society Foundations, and The Chicago Community Trust. This work was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse grants R01DA042082, R01DA019380, R01DA022953, and R01DA028763; National Institute of Mental Health grants R01MH54197 and R01MH59463 (Division of Services and Intervention Research and Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS); and Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice grants 2008-JF-FX-0068, 2005-JL-FX-0288, and 1999-JE-FX-1001. Major funding was also provided by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the National Institutes of Health Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Center for Mental Health Services, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, and National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention), the National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women's Health, the National Institutes of Health Office of Rare Disease Research, the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the William T. Grant Foundation, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Additional funds were provided by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Owen L. Coon Foundation, the Open Society Foundations, and The Chicago Community Trust. The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Keywords
- Criminal justice
- Drug abuse
- Health disparities
- Juvenile justice
- Persistence
- Substance use
- Substance use disorders
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Psychiatry and Mental health
