Abstract
Background - Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 have been shown to play a role in the progression of hemorrhagic stroke. We hypothesized that donor intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with activation of the metalloproteinases before transplantation that play a key role in the subsequent development of transplant vasculopathy. Methods and Results - We evaluated mRNA expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in donor spleen lymphocytes (before transplantation) and in heart biopsies at 1 week after transplantation in 20 recipients from ICH donors and 20 recipients from trauma donors. Patients underwent serial coronary intravascular ultrasound, and interstitial myocardial fibrosis was quantified at 1 year. The baseline characteristics were similar except for increased donor age in the ICH group. Heart biopsies from the ICH group showed significant increased expression of MMP-2 (17-fold, P<0.0001) and MMP-9 (20-fold, P<0.0001) compared with the trauma group. Furthermore, the ICH group showed 1.8-fold (P=0.016) increased mRNA expression of MMP-2 and 1.7-fold (P=0.015) increased mRNA expression of MMP-9 in the donor spleen lymphocytes, suggesting the presence of systemic activation of metalloproteinases before transplantation. At 1 year, the ICH group showed increased myocardial fibrosis and accelerated coronary vasculopathy. Using multivariate regression analysis, MMP-9 was found to be associated with increased risk for vasculopathy independent of donor age (OR, 2.41; P=0.01; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.69). Conclusions - This is the first report to describe systemic activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in donors with intracerebral hemorrhage and subsequent development of allograft vasculopathy.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1724-1728 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Circulation |
Volume | 108 |
Issue number | 14 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 7 2003 |
Keywords
- Hemorrhage
- Metalloproteinases
- Transplantation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
- Physiology (medical)