DsbB Elicits a Red-shift of Bound Ubiquinone during the Catalysis of DsbA Oxidation

DsbB is an Eacherichia coli plasma membrane protein that reoxidizes the Cys³⁰-Pro-His-Cys³³ active site of DsbA, the primary dithiol oxidant in the periplasm. Here we describe a novel activity of DsbB to induce an electronic transition of the bound ubiquinone molecule. This transition was characterized by a striking emergence of an absorbance peak at 500 nm giving rise to a visible pink color. The ubiquinone red-shift was observed stably for the DsbA(C33S)-DsbB complex as well as transiently by stopped flow rapid scanning spectroscopy during the reaction between wild-type DsbA and DsbB. Mutation and reconstitution experiments established that the unpaired Cys at position 44 of DsbB is primarily responsible for the chromogenic transition of ubiquinone, and this property correlates with the functional arrangement of amino acid residues in the neighborhood of Cys ⁴⁴. We propose that the Cys⁴⁴-induced anomaly in ubiquinone represents its activated state, which drives the DsbB-mediated electron transfer.