DYNAMIC AND NONEQUILIBRIUM AMPLIFICATION OF THE PROXIMITY EFFECT IN SUPERCONDUCTORS.

The effect of a high-frequency alternating voltage applied to the plates of a tunnel N/S sandwich (S is the superconductor, N is the normal metal or superconductor having the smaller gap) is examined. It is shown that for DELTA //N VM LS TH T VM LS TH DELTA //S ( DELTA //N, DELTA //S are the energy gaps in the electronic spectra of N and S films, respectively, and T is the temperature of the sandwich) the nonequilibrium effect of amplification of superconductivity in the N film can in many cases be comparable to and even exceed, the usual proximity effect. The corrections to the quantity DELTA //N, related to the effect of the alternating voltage on the virtual tunneling transitions of electrons, are found.