@inbook{05fe86469ee0496bba3cacfb4523bcf7,
title = "Educational inequality",
abstract = "This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socioeconomic backgrounds, show how patterns of educational inequality vary across countries, time, and generations, and establish a link between educational inequality and social mobility. We interpret this evidence from the perspective of economic models of skill acquisition and investment in human capital. The models account for different channels underlying unequal education and highlight how endogenous responses in parents{\textquoteright} and children's educational investments generate a close link between economic inequality and educational inequality. Given concerns over the extended school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic, we also summarize early evidence on the impact of the pandemic on children's education and on possible long-run repercussions for educational inequality.",
keywords = "Children, Education finance, Educational inequality",
author = "Jo Blanden and Matthias Doepke and Jan Stuhler",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Kwok Yan Chiu, Ricard Grebol, and Ashton Welch for excellent research assistance and the editors as well as John Jerrim, Sandra McNally, Anders Bj{\"o}rklund, Jonas Radl, Martin H{\"a}llsten, and Christopher Rauh for helpful comments. Financial support from the National Science Foundation (grant SES-1949228), the Comunidad de Madrid, and the MICIU (CAM-EPUC3M11, H2019/HUM-589, ECO2017-87908-R) is gratefully acknowledged. This chapter uses data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS): Starting Cohort 4–9th Grade, https://doi.org/10.5157/NEPS:SC4:1.0.0 , Next Steps: Sweeps 1-8, 2004-2016. 16th Edition. UK Data Service SN: 5545 https://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-5545-8 , Longitudinal Studies of Australian Youth (LSAY): 15 Year-Olds in 2003, https://doi.org/10.4225/87/5IOBPG , Education Longitudinal Study (ELS), 2002: Base Year. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR04275.v1 . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier B.V.",
year = "2023",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/bs.hesedu.2022.11.003",
language = "English (US)",
isbn = "9780323992404",
series = "Handbook of the Economics of Education",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
pages = "405--497",
editor = "Hanushek, {Eric A.} and Stephen Machin and Ludger Woessmann",
booktitle = "Handbook of the Economics of Education",
}
