Effects of Parenting Styles on Psychological Problems by Self Esteem and Gender Differences

Erica Szkody*, Ellen H. Steele, Cliff McKinney

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

Current research supports the lasting effects of parenting styles on children and adolescents’ self-esteem, and internalizing and externalizing problems. Few studies have examined parenting style, self-esteem, and psychological problems together while considering gender. The current study explored the indirect effect of parenting style though self-esteem on emerging adult psychological problems as moderated by gender among 381 emerging adults. The most notable finding suggested that maternal authoritative parenting was related to higher levels of female self-esteem, which in turn related to lower levels of female psychological problems. Results indicated a relationship between higher levels of self-esteem and lower psychological problems. Findings from the current study contribute to research emphasizing the long-lasting effects of parenting style on emerging adult self-esteem and mental health, particularly among females.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1931-1954
Number of pages24
JournalJournal of Family Issues
Volume42
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2021

Keywords

  • Emerging adult
  • externalizing
  • gender
  • internalizing
  • parenting
  • self esteem

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Social Sciences (miscellaneous)

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