Effects of pore morphology on the cyclical oxidation/reduction of iron foams created via camphene-based freeze casting

Teakyung Um; Stephen K. Wilke; Heeman Choe; David C. Dunand

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156278

Effects of pore morphology on the cyclical oxidation/reduction of iron foams created via camphene-based freeze casting

Teakyung Um, Stephen K. Wilke, Heeman Choe, David C. Dunand^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Materials Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

Solid-oxide iron-air batteries have potential for applications in large-scale energy storage systems, but their storage materials, iron and iron oxides, have limited cycle life due to powder sintering and choking of gas flow. To address this issue, Fe foams are synthesized with either equiaxed or directional dendritic pore structures by camphene-based freeze casting of Fe₂O₃ powders, followed by H₂ reduction to Fe and sintering. For each pore architecture, Fe foams are created with three different initial porosities, ranging from 47 to 63 vol %, and are then cycled at 800 °C under alternating oxidation (via H₂O) and reduction (via H₂) conditions. The redox-cycled foams are examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray tomography to assess the evolution of their porosity driven by the redox volume changes, sintering, and micropore formation via the Kirkendall effect. After 5 redox cycles, the Fe foams have lost the majority (39 ± 2 vol %) of their initial porosity.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	156278
Journal	Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Volume	845
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156278
State	Published - Dec 10 2020

Funding

This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF CMMI-1562941 ). HC acknowledges support from the Basic Science Research Program ( NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048390 ) through the National Research Foundation of Korea . The authors made use of the following Northwestern University (NU) resources: the Materials Characterization and Imaging Facility, the NUANCE Center (supported by SHyNE under NSF ECCS-1542205 , MRSEC under NSF DMR-1720139 , the International Institute for Nanotechnology , the Keck Foundation , and the State of Illinois ), and the Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging (supported by NCI CCSG P30 CA060553). Tomography experiments were performed at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT), Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source, operated by Argonne National Laboratory (DOE DE-AC02-06CH11357). The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Denis Keane and William Guise (DND-CAT) for assistance in collecting and processing the tomography data, and Ms. Kristen Scotti (NU) for insightful discussions. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF CMMI-1562941). HC acknowledges support from the Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048390) through the National Research Foundation of Korea. The authors made use of the following Northwestern University (NU) resources: the Materials Characterization and Imaging Facility, the NUANCE Center (supported by SHyNE under NSF ECCS-1542205, MRSEC under NSF DMR-1720139, the International Institute for Nanotechnology, the Keck Foundation, and the State of Illinois), and the Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging (supported by NCI CCSG P30 CA060553). Tomography experiments were performed at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT), Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source, operated by Argonne National Laboratory (DOE DE-AC02-06CH11357). The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Denis Keane and William Guise (DND-CAT) for assistance in collecting and processing the tomography data, and Ms. Kristen Scotti (NU) for insightful discussions.

Keywords

Chemical looping
Dendritic pore structure
Freeze-casting
Iron foam
Iron–air battery

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering
Metals and Alloys
Materials Chemistry

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156278

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title = "Effects of pore morphology on the cyclical oxidation/reduction of iron foams created via camphene-based freeze casting",

abstract = "Solid-oxide iron-air batteries have potential for applications in large-scale energy storage systems, but their storage materials, iron and iron oxides, have limited cycle life due to powder sintering and choking of gas flow. To address this issue, Fe foams are synthesized with either equiaxed or directional dendritic pore structures by camphene-based freeze casting of Fe2O3 powders, followed by H2 reduction to Fe and sintering. For each pore architecture, Fe foams are created with three different initial porosities, ranging from 47 to 63 vol %, and are then cycled at 800 °C under alternating oxidation (via H2O) and reduction (via H2) conditions. The redox-cycled foams are examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray tomography to assess the evolution of their porosity driven by the redox volume changes, sintering, and micropore formation via the Kirkendall effect. After 5 redox cycles, the Fe foams have lost the majority (39 ± 2 vol %) of their initial porosity.",

keywords = "Chemical looping, Dendritic pore structure, Freeze-casting, Iron foam, Iron–air battery",

author = "Teakyung Um and Wilke, {Stephen K.} and Heeman Choe and Dunand, {David C.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier B.V.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156278",

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AU - Wilke, Stephen K.

AU - Choe, Heeman

AU - Dunand, David C.

PY - 2020/12/10

Y1 - 2020/12/10

N2 - Solid-oxide iron-air batteries have potential for applications in large-scale energy storage systems, but their storage materials, iron and iron oxides, have limited cycle life due to powder sintering and choking of gas flow. To address this issue, Fe foams are synthesized with either equiaxed or directional dendritic pore structures by camphene-based freeze casting of Fe2O3 powders, followed by H2 reduction to Fe and sintering. For each pore architecture, Fe foams are created with three different initial porosities, ranging from 47 to 63 vol %, and are then cycled at 800 °C under alternating oxidation (via H2O) and reduction (via H2) conditions. The redox-cycled foams are examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray tomography to assess the evolution of their porosity driven by the redox volume changes, sintering, and micropore formation via the Kirkendall effect. After 5 redox cycles, the Fe foams have lost the majority (39 ± 2 vol %) of their initial porosity.

AB - Solid-oxide iron-air batteries have potential for applications in large-scale energy storage systems, but their storage materials, iron and iron oxides, have limited cycle life due to powder sintering and choking of gas flow. To address this issue, Fe foams are synthesized with either equiaxed or directional dendritic pore structures by camphene-based freeze casting of Fe2O3 powders, followed by H2 reduction to Fe and sintering. For each pore architecture, Fe foams are created with three different initial porosities, ranging from 47 to 63 vol %, and are then cycled at 800 °C under alternating oxidation (via H2O) and reduction (via H2) conditions. The redox-cycled foams are examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray tomography to assess the evolution of their porosity driven by the redox volume changes, sintering, and micropore formation via the Kirkendall effect. After 5 redox cycles, the Fe foams have lost the majority (39 ± 2 vol %) of their initial porosity.

KW - Chemical looping

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KW - Freeze-casting

KW - Iron foam

KW - Iron–air battery

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Effects of pore morphology on the cyclical oxidation/reduction of iron foams created via camphene-based freeze casting

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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