Abstract
Purpose of reviewThis review aims to provide updates in realms of endotypic heterogeneity, pathogenesis at the molecular level, potential of biomarkers, and cutting-edge scope of biologics in CRS.Recent findingsHigh-dimensional analyses, such as transcriptomes, and machine learning, have significantly enhanced CRS endotyping, uncovering diverse pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to its heterogeneity. The dynamic process of epithelial remodeling in CRS pathogenesis has gained more clarity and support as exemplified by IL-13 and oncostatin M (OSM) that are shown intricately linked to epithelial barrier dysfunction. Moreover, anti-dsDNA autoantibody, BAFF, periostin, and cystatin SN show promise as potentials biomarkers, offering diagnostic and prognostic value for CRS.SummaryThe identification of inflammatory molecules involved in endotype specific signaling pathways provides insights into the underlying mechanisms and verifiable biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of disease severity. More comprehensive clinical studies should be conducted to facilitate biologics from bench to bedside in treating CRS.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 1 2024 |
Funding
A. Kato. received a gift for his research from Lyra Therapeutics and research grants from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and AstraZeneca. A. Kato has also served on an advisory board for AstraZeneca. B. K. Tan. reports personal fees from Sanofi Regeneron/Genzyme and GSK. This research was supported in part by NIH grants (R01AI137174, R01 AI134952, R01 DC016645, and the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Integrative Studies Program 2 (CRISP2) P01 AI145818).
Keywords
- biologics
- chronic rhinosinusitis
- endotype
- epithelial remodeling
- pathogenesis
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology