TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology of HIV infection in large urban areas in the United States
AU - Hall, H. Irene
AU - Espinoza, Lorena
AU - Benbow, Nanette
AU - Hu, Yunyin W.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Background: While the U.S. HIV epidemic continues to be primarily concentrated in urban area, local epidemiologic profiles may differ and require different approaches in prevention and treatment efforts. We describe the epidemiology of HIV in large urban areas with the highest HIV burden. Methods/Principal Findings: We used data from national HIV surveillance for 12 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) to determine disparities in HIV diagnoses and prevalence and changes over time. Overall, 0.3% to 1% of the MSA populations were living with HIV at the end of 2007. In each MSA, prevalence was > 1% among blacks; prevalence was > 2% in Miami, New York, and Baltimore. Among Hispanics, prevalence was > 1% in New York and Philadelphia. The relative percentage differences in 2007 HIV diagnosis rates, compared to whites, ranged from 239 (San Francisco) to 1239 (Baltimore) for blacks and from 15 (Miami) to 413 (Philadelphia) for Hispanics. The epidemic remains concentrated, with more than 50% of HIV diagnoses in 2007 attributed to male-to-male sexual contact in 7 of the 12 MSAs; heterosexual transmission surpassed or equaled male-to-male sexual transmission in Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Washington, DC. Yet in several MSAs, including Baltimore and Washington, DC, AIDS diagnoses increased among men-who-have sex with men in recent years. Conclusions/Significance: These data are useful to identify local drivers of the epidemic and to tailor public health efforts for treatment and prevention services for people living with HIV.
AB - Background: While the U.S. HIV epidemic continues to be primarily concentrated in urban area, local epidemiologic profiles may differ and require different approaches in prevention and treatment efforts. We describe the epidemiology of HIV in large urban areas with the highest HIV burden. Methods/Principal Findings: We used data from national HIV surveillance for 12 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) to determine disparities in HIV diagnoses and prevalence and changes over time. Overall, 0.3% to 1% of the MSA populations were living with HIV at the end of 2007. In each MSA, prevalence was > 1% among blacks; prevalence was > 2% in Miami, New York, and Baltimore. Among Hispanics, prevalence was > 1% in New York and Philadelphia. The relative percentage differences in 2007 HIV diagnosis rates, compared to whites, ranged from 239 (San Francisco) to 1239 (Baltimore) for blacks and from 15 (Miami) to 413 (Philadelphia) for Hispanics. The epidemic remains concentrated, with more than 50% of HIV diagnoses in 2007 attributed to male-to-male sexual contact in 7 of the 12 MSAs; heterosexual transmission surpassed or equaled male-to-male sexual transmission in Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Washington, DC. Yet in several MSAs, including Baltimore and Washington, DC, AIDS diagnoses increased among men-who-have sex with men in recent years. Conclusions/Significance: These data are useful to identify local drivers of the epidemic and to tailor public health efforts for treatment and prevention services for people living with HIV.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77958610155&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77958610155&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0012756
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0012756
M3 - Article
C2 - 20856793
AN - SCOPUS:77958610155
VL - 5
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 9
M1 - e12756
ER -