TY - JOUR
T1 - Ethnicity and risk factors for change in the ankle-brachial index
T2 - The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
AU - Allison, Matthew A.
AU - Cushman, Mary
AU - Solomon, Cam
AU - Aboyans, Victor
AU - McDermott, Mary M.
AU - Goff, David C.
AU - Criqui, Michael H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by a grant from the American Heart Association (M. A. A.) and contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95165 and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
PY - 2009/11
Y1 - 2009/11
N2 - Background: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for conversion from a normal to either a low or high ankle-brachial index (ABI). Methods: Participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had two separate measurements of the ABI over a 3-year time period were assessed. Results: At baseline, the mean age was 62 years and 50% were women, 28% African American, 12% Chinese, 22% Hispanic and 38% non-Hispanic White. Of the 5514 participants with a baseline ABI between 0.90 and 1.40, 89 (1.6%) had an ABI ≤ 0.90 ("low ABI group") and 71 (1.3%) had an ABI ≥ 1.40 ("high ABI group") 3 years later. On multivariable analysis, the odds for having progressed into the low ABI group were significantly increased for higher baseline age, hypertension, diabetes, greater pack-years of cigarette smoking, and homocysteine levels. The odds for progression into the high ABI group were increased for male gender and higher body mass index. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans had a significantly higher odds for progression to the low ABI group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-3.88) while having a reduced odds for progression to the high ABI group (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.24-1.00). Neither Chinese nor Hispanic ethnicity was significantly associated with progression to either ABI group. Conclusions: The risk factors for progression to a low or high ABI were distinct and African Americans were at increased risk for progression to a low ABI but at decreased risk for progression into the high ABI group.
AB - Background: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for conversion from a normal to either a low or high ankle-brachial index (ABI). Methods: Participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had two separate measurements of the ABI over a 3-year time period were assessed. Results: At baseline, the mean age was 62 years and 50% were women, 28% African American, 12% Chinese, 22% Hispanic and 38% non-Hispanic White. Of the 5514 participants with a baseline ABI between 0.90 and 1.40, 89 (1.6%) had an ABI ≤ 0.90 ("low ABI group") and 71 (1.3%) had an ABI ≥ 1.40 ("high ABI group") 3 years later. On multivariable analysis, the odds for having progressed into the low ABI group were significantly increased for higher baseline age, hypertension, diabetes, greater pack-years of cigarette smoking, and homocysteine levels. The odds for progression into the high ABI group were increased for male gender and higher body mass index. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans had a significantly higher odds for progression to the low ABI group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-3.88) while having a reduced odds for progression to the high ABI group (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.24-1.00). Neither Chinese nor Hispanic ethnicity was significantly associated with progression to either ABI group. Conclusions: The risk factors for progression to a low or high ABI were distinct and African Americans were at increased risk for progression to a low ABI but at decreased risk for progression into the high ABI group.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.05.061
DO - 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.05.061
M3 - Article
C2 - 19628357
AN - SCOPUS:70350575776
SN - 0741-5214
VL - 50
SP - 1049
EP - 1056
JO - Journal of Vascular Surgery
JF - Journal of Vascular Surgery
IS - 5
ER -
