@inproceedings{bd951ab9138b4191a6704f396b219a5b,
title = "Evaluation of Long Term Loads on Freight Tunnels in Chicago",
abstract = "The network of freight tunnels in Chicago consists of about 62 miles of horseshoe-shaped tunnels constructed typically less than 50 feet below ground surface. These tunnels serve as repositories of much infrastructure and should remain serviceable. The tunnels are often impacted by adjacent excavations and the question arises as to the existing state of stress in the final liner. This paper discusses construction of these tunnels and presents the results of finite element analyses which were used to obtain ranges for axial forces and bending moments that have developed in the final liner of the freight tunnels since their construction.",
author = "Alireza Ayoubian and Richard Finno",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration. All rights reserved.; 2023 Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, RETC 2023 ; Conference date: 11-06-2023 Through 14-06-2023",
year = "2023",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Proceedings - Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference",
publisher = "Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration",
pages = "469--481",
editor = "Nestor Garavelli and Frank Pepe",
booktitle = "Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference 2023 Proceedings",
address = "United States",
}