Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty

Nicole L. Mihalopoulos; Richard Holubkov; Paul Young; Shifan Dai; Darwin R. Labarthe

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.019

Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty

Nicole L. Mihalopoulos, Richard Holubkov, Paul Young, Shifan Dai, Darwin R. Labarthe

Preventive Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

52 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Clinicians use several measures to estimate adiposity. Body mass index (BMI), although not a measure of adiposity, is commonly used to define weight status. Percent body fat (%BF) measures total body fatness, which is composed of central and peripheral fat, estimated by waist circumference (WC) and skinfold thickness, respectively. Abnormal increases in fat during puberty may reflect an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is important to establish the normal patterns of change in clinically relevant measures of adiposity. Purpose: To describe the normal patterns of change in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty. Design/Methods: Multilevel modeling and linear regression analyses of 642 children in Project HeartBeat!, aged 8-18 years (non-black and black), who had assessments of BMI, %BF, WC, sums of 2- and 6-skinfolds, and pubertal stage (PS) triennially between 1991 and 1995. Results: In males, the normal pattern from PS1 to PS5 is for %BF to decrease, skinfold thickness to remain stable, and WC to increase. However, after adjusting for height, WC does not change. In females, %BF remains stable from PS1 to PS5, whereas skinfold thickness increases. As in males waist-height ratio does not change, indicating that central adiposity does not normally increase during puberty. Although BMI increases in both genders and races from PS1 to PS5, mean values at PS5 were well below 25 kg/m². Conclusions: During puberty, increase in %BF is abnormal in females and even more so in males. Likewise, increase in waist-height ratio is also abnormal and may suggest an increased risk for adiposity-associated morbidity.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	360-366
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Adolescent Health
Volume	47
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.019
State	Published - Oct 2010

Funding

Financial support was from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through Cooperative Agreement U01-HL-41166 and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Southwest Center for Prevention Research ( U48/CCU609653 ). Dr. Mihalopoulos was supported by the Primary Care Research Center, the Children's Health Research Center, the Pediatric Clinical and Translational Research Center, and the Primary Children's Medical Center Foundation at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of each Project HeartBeat! participant and family. The researchers recognize the support of the Conroe Independent School District and the generous support of The Woodlands Corporation. All people who contributed significantly to the work have been listed as authors or in the Acknowledgements.

Keywords

Adiposity
Adolescent
Body composition
Children
Puberty

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Psychiatry and Mental health
Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.019

Cite this

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title = "Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty",

abstract = "Background: Clinicians use several measures to estimate adiposity. Body mass index (BMI), although not a measure of adiposity, is commonly used to define weight status. Percent body fat (%BF) measures total body fatness, which is composed of central and peripheral fat, estimated by waist circumference (WC) and skinfold thickness, respectively. Abnormal increases in fat during puberty may reflect an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is important to establish the normal patterns of change in clinically relevant measures of adiposity. Purpose: To describe the normal patterns of change in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty. Design/Methods: Multilevel modeling and linear regression analyses of 642 children in Project HeartBeat!, aged 8-18 years (non-black and black), who had assessments of BMI, %BF, WC, sums of 2- and 6-skinfolds, and pubertal stage (PS) triennially between 1991 and 1995. Results: In males, the normal pattern from PS1 to PS5 is for %BF to decrease, skinfold thickness to remain stable, and WC to increase. However, after adjusting for height, WC does not change. In females, %BF remains stable from PS1 to PS5, whereas skinfold thickness increases. As in males waist-height ratio does not change, indicating that central adiposity does not normally increase during puberty. Although BMI increases in both genders and races from PS1 to PS5, mean values at PS5 were well below 25 kg/m2. Conclusions: During puberty, increase in %BF is abnormal in females and even more so in males. Likewise, increase in waist-height ratio is also abnormal and may suggest an increased risk for adiposity-associated morbidity.",

keywords = "Adiposity, Adolescent, Body composition, Children, Puberty",

author = "Mihalopoulos, {Nicole L.} and Richard Holubkov and Paul Young and Shifan Dai and Labarthe, {Darwin R.}",

note = "Funding Information: Financial support was from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through Cooperative Agreement U01-HL-41166 and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Southwest Center for Prevention Research ( U48/CCU609653 ). Dr. Mihalopoulos was supported by the Primary Care Research Center, the Children's Health Research Center, the Pediatric Clinical and Translational Research Center, and the Primary Children's Medical Center Foundation at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of each Project HeartBeat! participant and family. The researchers recognize the support of the Conroe Independent School District and the generous support of The Woodlands Corporation. All people who contributed significantly to the work have been listed as authors or in the Acknowledgements. ",

year = "2010",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.019",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "47",

pages = "360--366",

journal = "Journal of Adolescent Health",

issn = "1054-139X",

publisher = "Elsevier USA",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty

AU - Mihalopoulos, Nicole L.

AU - Holubkov, Richard

AU - Young, Paul

AU - Dai, Shifan

AU - Labarthe, Darwin R.

N1 - Funding Information: Financial support was from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through Cooperative Agreement U01-HL-41166 and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Southwest Center for Prevention Research ( U48/CCU609653 ). Dr. Mihalopoulos was supported by the Primary Care Research Center, the Children's Health Research Center, the Pediatric Clinical and Translational Research Center, and the Primary Children's Medical Center Foundation at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of each Project HeartBeat! participant and family. The researchers recognize the support of the Conroe Independent School District and the generous support of The Woodlands Corporation. All people who contributed significantly to the work have been listed as authors or in the Acknowledgements.

PY - 2010/10

Y1 - 2010/10

N2 - Background: Clinicians use several measures to estimate adiposity. Body mass index (BMI), although not a measure of adiposity, is commonly used to define weight status. Percent body fat (%BF) measures total body fatness, which is composed of central and peripheral fat, estimated by waist circumference (WC) and skinfold thickness, respectively. Abnormal increases in fat during puberty may reflect an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is important to establish the normal patterns of change in clinically relevant measures of adiposity. Purpose: To describe the normal patterns of change in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty. Design/Methods: Multilevel modeling and linear regression analyses of 642 children in Project HeartBeat!, aged 8-18 years (non-black and black), who had assessments of BMI, %BF, WC, sums of 2- and 6-skinfolds, and pubertal stage (PS) triennially between 1991 and 1995. Results: In males, the normal pattern from PS1 to PS5 is for %BF to decrease, skinfold thickness to remain stable, and WC to increase. However, after adjusting for height, WC does not change. In females, %BF remains stable from PS1 to PS5, whereas skinfold thickness increases. As in males waist-height ratio does not change, indicating that central adiposity does not normally increase during puberty. Although BMI increases in both genders and races from PS1 to PS5, mean values at PS5 were well below 25 kg/m2. Conclusions: During puberty, increase in %BF is abnormal in females and even more so in males. Likewise, increase in waist-height ratio is also abnormal and may suggest an increased risk for adiposity-associated morbidity.

AB - Background: Clinicians use several measures to estimate adiposity. Body mass index (BMI), although not a measure of adiposity, is commonly used to define weight status. Percent body fat (%BF) measures total body fatness, which is composed of central and peripheral fat, estimated by waist circumference (WC) and skinfold thickness, respectively. Abnormal increases in fat during puberty may reflect an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is important to establish the normal patterns of change in clinically relevant measures of adiposity. Purpose: To describe the normal patterns of change in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty. Design/Methods: Multilevel modeling and linear regression analyses of 642 children in Project HeartBeat!, aged 8-18 years (non-black and black), who had assessments of BMI, %BF, WC, sums of 2- and 6-skinfolds, and pubertal stage (PS) triennially between 1991 and 1995. Results: In males, the normal pattern from PS1 to PS5 is for %BF to decrease, skinfold thickness to remain stable, and WC to increase. However, after adjusting for height, WC does not change. In females, %BF remains stable from PS1 to PS5, whereas skinfold thickness increases. As in males waist-height ratio does not change, indicating that central adiposity does not normally increase during puberty. Although BMI increases in both genders and races from PS1 to PS5, mean values at PS5 were well below 25 kg/m2. Conclusions: During puberty, increase in %BF is abnormal in females and even more so in males. Likewise, increase in waist-height ratio is also abnormal and may suggest an increased risk for adiposity-associated morbidity.

KW - Adiposity

KW - Adolescent

KW - Body composition

KW - Children

KW - Puberty

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ER -

Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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