Experimentally elicited productions: Differences and similarities between mixed effects and ANOVA analyses

Currently, many experimental studies of speech production use fully counterbalanced designs to examine variation in categorical (e.g, correct/incorrect) or relatively continuous measures (e.g., reaction times, voice onset times). These data present several challenges to ANOVA analyses. Some of these issues are well known to be the speech community; for example, the non-normality of dependent variables such as proportion correct. Others have been less extensively addressed; for example, many speech studies account for participant-but not item-specific contributions to variance. I discuss the opportunities and challenges in using linear mixed effects models to address these issues.