@article{688eddfadcc9462b80ce183df041bf24,
title = "Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Mali: A case report",
abstract = "Background: Drug resistant tuberculosis presents a major public health challenge. Case presentation: We present here the first two patients diagnosed with extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Bamako, Mali. Genotypic findings suggest possible nosocomial transmission from the first patient to the second one, resulting in superinfection of the second patient. After being diagnosed with extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in August 2016, the patients only started receiving appropriate treatment 10 months later. Conclusion: The identification of these patients highlights the need for improved diagnostic and treatment algorithms for better surveillance and management of drug resistance in Mali. In the interest of these as well as future patients suffering from resistant tuberculosis, all steps recommended for programmatic management of drug resistant tuberculosis must be urgently prioritized in order to strengthen the multidrug resistant tuberculosis program.",
keywords = "Bamako, Mali, Treatment, XDR-TB",
author = "Bassirou Diarra and Yacouba Toloba and Bakary Konate and Moumine Sanogo and Togo, {Antieme Combo Georges} and Fatimata Camara and Gaoussou Berthe and Dianguina Soumar{\'e} and Bocar Baya and Drissa Goita and Sarro, {Yeya Dit Sadio} and Mamoudou Maiga and Michael Belson and Susan Orsega and Sounkalo Dao and Murphy, {Robert L.} and Sophia Siddiqui and {De Jong}, {Bouke C.} and Seydou Doumbia and Souleymane Diallo",
note = "Funding Information: MDR: multidrug resistant; XDR: extensively drug resistance; WHO: World Health Organization; DST: drug susceptibility testing; RR: resistance to rifampicin; UCRC: University Clinical Research Center; BSL-3: biosafety level 3; UTH: University Teaching Hospital of Point-G; ITM: Institute of Tropical Medicine; DR-TB: drug resistant-tuberculosis; USTTB: University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako; TB: tuberculosis; R: rifampicin; H: isoniazid; Z: pyrazinamide; E: ethambutol; S: streptomycin; K: kanamycin; O: ofloxacin; Et: ethionamide; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; NTM: non-tuberculous mycobacteria; Mtbc: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex; AFB: acid fast bacilli; MTB T1/T4: Mycobacterium tuberculosis T family 1 and 4; MIRU-VNTR: mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units, variable number of tandem repeats; WT: wild type; NTP: National TB Program; DGF: Global Drug Facility; Bdq: bedaquiline; Cfz: clofazimine; Dlm: delamanid; Lzd: linezolid; PAS: para acid salicylic; MUT: mutation; MGIT: mycobacterium growth incubator tube; BD: Becton–Dickinson; MD: Maryland; NIAID/NIH: National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; USA: United States of America; AST: antimycobacterial susceptibility testing; SIRE: streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol; PMDT: programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis; LPA: Line Probe Assay; NRL: national reference laboratory; IRB: institutional review board. Funding Information: The study in which context the XDR-TB patients were identified was conducted at the University Clinical Research Center (UCRC) of the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali, and was partially funded by the USTTB through NIH/R01 grant R01AI110386, the North-western University (Chicago, IL, USA) through ACTG U01AI069471. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US. Government. B.D. was supported by a TDR fellowship, TIMS ID B40072, the special programme for research and training in tropical diseases, co-sponsored by UNICEF, UNDP, World Bank and WHO. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s).",
year = "2017",
month = nov,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1186/s13104-017-2890-4",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
journal = "BMC Research Notes",
issn = "1756-0500",
publisher = "BioMed Central",
number = "1",
}