Further characterization of the complementation group B temperature-sensitive mutant of respiratory syncytial virus

ts-2, a temperature-sensitive and plaque morphology mutant of respiratory syncytial virus and sole representative of complementation group B, was compared with members of the other complementation groups of respiratory syncytial virus (group A [ts-1] and group C [ts-7]). ts-2 was found to be 10- to 1,000-fold more restricted in growth and ability to spread at restrictive temperatures (37, 38, and 39 °C) than at the permissive temperature (32°C). In temperature shift-up experiments, the ts defect of ts-1 and other members of complementation group A was found to affect a late function that was required for at least 13 h in the replication cycle. The ts lesion of ts-7 affected a function early in the replication cycle. In contrast, ts-2 was not temperature sensitive when studied by the shift-up technique. The discrepancy between the ts plaque property and failure to detect temperature sensitivity during the shift-up experiment was resolved when it was shown that ts-2 had a defect in adsorption or penetration or both at the restrictive temperature. Clonal analysis of revertant ts-2 showed a coordinate restoration of ts⁺ phenotype and syncytium-forming capacity. It appears that ts-2 has a defect in a protein that is involved in adsorption and/or penetration of virus and is also responsible for cell fusion activity.