G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit

M. H. Kelsey; R. Agnese; Y. F. Alam; I. Ataee Langroudy; E. Azadbakht; D. Brandt; R. Bunker; B. Cabrera; Y. Y. Chang; H. Coombes; R. M. Cormier; M. D. Diamond; E. R. Edwards; E. Figueroa-Feliciano; J. Gao; P. M. Harrington; Z. Hong; M. Hui; N. A. Kurinsky; R. E. Lawrence; B. Loer; M. G. Masten; E. Michaud; E. Michielin; J. Miller; V. Novati; N. S. Oblath; J. L. Orrell; W. L. Perry; P. Redl; T. Reynolds; T. Saab; B. Sadoulet; K. Serniak; J. Singh; Z. Speaks; C. Stanford; J. R. Stevens; J. Strube; D. Toback; J. N. Ullom; B. A. VanDevender; M. R. Vissers; M. J. Wilson; J. S. Wilson; B. Zatschler; S. Zatschler

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473

G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit

M. H. Kelsey^*, R. Agnese, Y. F. Alam, I. Ataee Langroudy, E. Azadbakht, D. Brandt, R. Bunker, B. Cabrera, Y. Y. Chang, H. Coombes, R. M. Cormier, M. D. Diamond, E. R. Edwards, E. Figueroa-Feliciano, J. Gao, P. M. Harrington, Z. Hong, M. Hui, N. A. Kurinsky, R. E. LawrenceB. Loer, M. G. Masten, E. Michaud, E. Michielin, J. Miller, V. Novati, N. S. Oblath, J. L. Orrell, W. L. Perry, P. Redl, T. Reynolds, T. Saab, B. Sadoulet, K. Serniak, J. Singh, Z. Speaks, C. Stanford, J. R. Stevens, J. Strube, D. Toback, J. N. Ullom, B. A. VanDevender, M. R. Vissers, M. J. Wilson, J. S. Wilson, B. Zatschler, S. Zatschler

^*Corresponding author for this work

Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the GEANT4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	168473
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	1055
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473
State	Published - Oct 2023

Funding

We gratefully acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of High Energy Physics (HEP) , the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics (NP) , the National Science Foundation (NSF), United States , the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) , the Canada First Research Excellence Fund through the Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University . This work was supported in part under grants from the DOE HEP QuantISED and DOE NP Quantum Horizons programs. This research was enabled in part by support provided by SciNet ( scinethpc.ca ) and the Digital Research Alliance of Canada ( alliancecan.ca ), and portions were conducted with the advanced computing resources provided by Texas A&M High Performance Research Computing. This research was supported by an appointment to the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program at Massachusetts Institute of Technology administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. DOE and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI). Y.-Y. Chang was supported in part by a Taiwanese Ministry of Education Fellowship and by a Caltech J. Yang Fellowship . Funding was received by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the Emmy Noether Grant No. 420484612 . Fermilab is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC , under Contract No. DE-AC02-37407CH11359 with the U.S. DOE. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multi-program national laboratory operated for the U.S. DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. SLAC is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. DOE. Work at MIT Lincoln Laboratory is supported under Air Force Contract No. FA8702-15-D-0001. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government. The original development of G4CMP took place more than a decade ago [2]. Many have contributed to the package since that time. Our intention with this article was to bring all contributors together with several “user groups” for an updated presentation of the code and breadth of potential application. Thus, this work was truly a multi-collaboration endeavor. The authors thank each of their respective sponsoring agencies for making possible the development and use of the G4CMP software package. We gratefully acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of High Energy Physics (HEP), the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics (NP), the National Science Foundation (NSF), United States, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the Canada First Research Excellence Fund through the Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University. This work was supported in part under grants from the DOE HEP QuantISED and DOE NP Quantum Horizons programs. This research was enabled in part by support provided by SciNet (scinethpc.ca) and the Digital Research Alliance of Canada (alliancecan.ca), and portions were conducted with the advanced computing resources provided by Texas A&M High Performance Research Computing. This research was supported by an appointment to the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program at Massachusetts Institute of Technology administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. DOE and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI). Y.-Y.Chang was supported in part by a Taiwanese Ministry of Education Fellowship and by a Caltech J. Yang Fellowship. Funding was received by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the Emmy Noether Grant No. 420484612. Fermilab is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-37407CH11359 with the U.S. DOE. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multi-program national laboratory operated for the U.S. DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. SLAC is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. DOE. Work at MIT Lincoln Laboratory is supported under Air Force Contract No. FA8702-15-D-0001. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government.

Keywords

Charge transport
Phonon transport
Simulation
Solid state
Superconducting devices

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Instrumentation

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Kelsey, M. H., Agnese, R., Alam, Y. F., Langroudy, I. A., Azadbakht, E., Brandt, D., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Chang, Y. Y., Coombes, H., Cormier, R. M., Diamond, M. D., Edwards, E. R., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Gao, J., Harrington, P. M., Hong, Z., Hui, M., Kurinsky, N. A., ... Zatschler, S. (2023). G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1055, Article 168473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473

@article{93dc7931f1df4da9a0e0b9f122541ac9,

title = "G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit",

abstract = "G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the GEANT4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.",

keywords = "Charge transport, Phonon transport, Simulation, Solid state, Superconducting devices",

author = "Kelsey, {M. H.} and R. Agnese and Alam, {Y. F.} and Langroudy, {I. Ataee} and E. Azadbakht and D. Brandt and R. Bunker and B. Cabrera and Chang, {Y. Y.} and H. Coombes and Cormier, {R. M.} and Diamond, {M. D.} and Edwards, {E. R.} and E. Figueroa-Feliciano and J. Gao and Harrington, {P. M.} and Z. Hong and M. Hui and Kurinsky, {N. A.} and Lawrence, {R. E.} and B. Loer and Masten, {M. G.} and E. Michaud and E. Michielin and J. Miller and V. Novati and Oblath, {N. S.} and Orrell, {J. L.} and Perry, {W. L.} and P. Redl and T. Reynolds and T. Saab and B. Sadoulet and K. Serniak and J. Singh and Z. Speaks and C. Stanford and Stevens, {J. R.} and J. Strube and D. Toback and Ullom, {J. N.} and VanDevender, {B. A.} and Vissers, {M. R.} and Wilson, {M. J.} and Wilson, {J. S.} and B. Zatschler and S. Zatschler",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "1055",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

Kelsey, MH, Agnese, R, Alam, YF, Langroudy, IA, Azadbakht, E, Brandt, D, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Chang, YY, Coombes, H, Cormier, RM, Diamond, MD, Edwards, ER, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Gao, J, Harrington, PM, Hong, Z, Hui, M, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Loer, B, Masten, MG, Michaud, E, Michielin, E, Miller, J, Novati, V, Oblath, NS, Orrell, JL, Perry, WL, Redl, P, Reynolds, T, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Serniak, K, Singh, J, Speaks, Z, Stanford, C, Stevens, JR, Strube, J, Toback, D, Ullom, JN, VanDevender, BA, Vissers, MR, Wilson, MJ, Wilson, JS, Zatschler, B & Zatschler, S 2023, 'G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 1055, 168473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473

TY - JOUR

T1 - G4CMP

T2 - Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit

AU - Kelsey, M. H.

AU - Agnese, R.

AU - Alam, Y. F.

AU - Langroudy, I. Ataee

AU - Azadbakht, E.

AU - Brandt, D.

AU - Bunker, R.

AU - Cabrera, B.

AU - Chang, Y. Y.

AU - Coombes, H.

AU - Cormier, R. M.

AU - Diamond, M. D.

AU - Edwards, E. R.

AU - Figueroa-Feliciano, E.

AU - Gao, J.

AU - Harrington, P. M.

AU - Hong, Z.

AU - Hui, M.

AU - Kurinsky, N. A.

AU - Lawrence, R. E.

AU - Loer, B.

AU - Masten, M. G.

AU - Michaud, E.

AU - Michielin, E.

AU - Miller, J.

AU - Novati, V.

AU - Oblath, N. S.

AU - Orrell, J. L.

AU - Perry, W. L.

AU - Redl, P.

AU - Reynolds, T.

AU - Saab, T.

AU - Sadoulet, B.

AU - Serniak, K.

AU - Singh, J.

AU - Speaks, Z.

AU - Stanford, C.

AU - Stevens, J. R.

AU - Strube, J.

AU - Toback, D.

AU - Ullom, J. N.

AU - VanDevender, B. A.

AU - Vissers, M. R.

AU - Wilson, M. J.

AU - Wilson, J. S.

AU - Zatschler, B.

AU - Zatschler, S.

PY - 2023/10

Y1 - 2023/10

N2 - G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the GEANT4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.

AB - G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the GEANT4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.

KW - Charge transport

KW - Phonon transport

KW - Simulation

KW - Solid state

KW - Superconducting devices

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85164222675&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168473

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85164222675

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 1055

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

M1 - 168473

ER -

G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit

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