Gender differences in appraisal of stress and coping 5 years after heart transplantation

Kathleen L. Grady; Adin Cristian Andrei; Zhi Li; Bruce Rybarczyk; Connie White-Williams; Robert Gordon; Edwin C. McGee

doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.09.009

Gender differences in appraisal of stress and coping 5 years after heart transplantation

Kathleen L. Grady^*, Adin Cristian Andrei, Zhi Li, Bruce Rybarczyk, Connie White-Williams, Robert Gordon, Edwin C. McGee

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: We examined whether gender differences exist regarding stress, symptom distress, coping, adherence, and social support 5 years after heart transplantation. Background: Differences exist in health-related quality of life outcomes by gender after heart transplantation; women report poorer outcomes. Methods: Patients (. n = 210, female = 42), were from a prospective, multi-site, study of health-related quality of life long-term after heart transplantation. Patients completed self-report instruments 5 years after heart transplantation (mean = 4.98 ± 0.17 years after transplant). Statistical analyses included two-sample t-tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and multivariable modeling. Results: Women did not report more overall stress or symptom distress, but reported more difficulty adhering to the transplant regimen, yet more actual adherence than men. Women reported using more negative coping styles, but reported more satisfaction with social support. Conclusions: Gender differences exist regarding appraisal of stress, coping styles, and coping resources long-term after heart transplantation. These differences may guide tailoring therapy regarding stress, poor coping, and lack of resources.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	41-47
Number of pages	7
Journal	Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care
Volume	45
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.09.009
State	Published - Jan 1 2016

Funding

This study was funded by National Institute of Nursing Research Grant R01 NR005200 , a grant-in-aid from the College of Nursing, Rush University, intramural funding from the Rush Heart Institute, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; and intramural funding from Northwestern University, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery.

Keywords

Gender
Heart transplant
Perceived adherence
Social support
Stress and coping
Symptoms

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.09.009

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title = "Gender differences in appraisal of stress and coping 5 years after heart transplantation",

abstract = "Objectives: We examined whether gender differences exist regarding stress, symptom distress, coping, adherence, and social support 5 years after heart transplantation. Background: Differences exist in health-related quality of life outcomes by gender after heart transplantation; women report poorer outcomes. Methods: Patients (. n = 210, female = 42), were from a prospective, multi-site, study of health-related quality of life long-term after heart transplantation. Patients completed self-report instruments 5 years after heart transplantation (mean = 4.98 ± 0.17 years after transplant). Statistical analyses included two-sample t-tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and multivariable modeling. Results: Women did not report more overall stress or symptom distress, but reported more difficulty adhering to the transplant regimen, yet more actual adherence than men. Women reported using more negative coping styles, but reported more satisfaction with social support. Conclusions: Gender differences exist regarding appraisal of stress, coping styles, and coping resources long-term after heart transplantation. These differences may guide tailoring therapy regarding stress, poor coping, and lack of resources.",

keywords = "Gender, Heart transplant, Perceived adherence, Social support, Stress and coping, Symptoms",

author = "Grady, {Kathleen L.} and Andrei, {Adin Cristian} and Zhi Li and Bruce Rybarczyk and Connie White-Williams and Robert Gordon and McGee, {Edwin C.}",

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AU - Grady, Kathleen L.

AU - Andrei, Adin Cristian

AU - Li, Zhi

AU - Rybarczyk, Bruce

AU - White-Williams, Connie

AU - Gordon, Robert

AU - McGee, Edwin C.

PY - 2016/1/1

Y1 - 2016/1/1

N2 - Objectives: We examined whether gender differences exist regarding stress, symptom distress, coping, adherence, and social support 5 years after heart transplantation. Background: Differences exist in health-related quality of life outcomes by gender after heart transplantation; women report poorer outcomes. Methods: Patients (. n = 210, female = 42), were from a prospective, multi-site, study of health-related quality of life long-term after heart transplantation. Patients completed self-report instruments 5 years after heart transplantation (mean = 4.98 ± 0.17 years after transplant). Statistical analyses included two-sample t-tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and multivariable modeling. Results: Women did not report more overall stress or symptom distress, but reported more difficulty adhering to the transplant regimen, yet more actual adherence than men. Women reported using more negative coping styles, but reported more satisfaction with social support. Conclusions: Gender differences exist regarding appraisal of stress, coping styles, and coping resources long-term after heart transplantation. These differences may guide tailoring therapy regarding stress, poor coping, and lack of resources.

AB - Objectives: We examined whether gender differences exist regarding stress, symptom distress, coping, adherence, and social support 5 years after heart transplantation. Background: Differences exist in health-related quality of life outcomes by gender after heart transplantation; women report poorer outcomes. Methods: Patients (. n = 210, female = 42), were from a prospective, multi-site, study of health-related quality of life long-term after heart transplantation. Patients completed self-report instruments 5 years after heart transplantation (mean = 4.98 ± 0.17 years after transplant). Statistical analyses included two-sample t-tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and multivariable modeling. Results: Women did not report more overall stress or symptom distress, but reported more difficulty adhering to the transplant regimen, yet more actual adherence than men. Women reported using more negative coping styles, but reported more satisfaction with social support. Conclusions: Gender differences exist regarding appraisal of stress, coping styles, and coping resources long-term after heart transplantation. These differences may guide tailoring therapy regarding stress, poor coping, and lack of resources.

KW - Gender

KW - Heart transplant

KW - Perceived adherence

KW - Social support

KW - Stress and coping

KW - Symptoms

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Gender differences in appraisal of stress and coping 5 years after heart transplantation

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