Gene regulation by microRNAs

Richard W. Carthew

doi:10.1016/j.gde.2006.02.012

Gene regulation by microRNAs

Richard W. Carthew^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Molecular Biosciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

368 Scopus citations

Abstract

The role of small RNAs as key regulators of mRNA turnover and translation has been well established. Recent advances indicate that the small RNAs termed microRNAs play important roles in animal development and physiology. Cellular activities such as proliferation, morphogenesis, apoptosis and differentiation are regulated by microRNAs. The expression of various genes are regulated by microRNAs, and several microRNAs act in reciprocal negative feedback loops with protein factors to control cell fate decisions that are triggered by signal transduction activity. These observations implicate small RNAs as important mediators of gene regulation in response to cell-cell signaling. The mechanism by which microRNAs silence gene expression is post-transcriptional, possibly influencing the stability, compartmentalization and translation of mRNAs. This mechanism is an efficient means to regulate production of a diverse range of proteins.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	203-208
Number of pages	6
Journal	Current Opinion in Genetics and Development
Volume	16
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2006.02.012
State	Published - Apr 1 2006

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Genetics
Developmental Biology

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AB - The role of small RNAs as key regulators of mRNA turnover and translation has been well established. Recent advances indicate that the small RNAs termed microRNAs play important roles in animal development and physiology. Cellular activities such as proliferation, morphogenesis, apoptosis and differentiation are regulated by microRNAs. The expression of various genes are regulated by microRNAs, and several microRNAs act in reciprocal negative feedback loops with protein factors to control cell fate decisions that are triggered by signal transduction activity. These observations implicate small RNAs as important mediators of gene regulation in response to cell-cell signaling. The mechanism by which microRNAs silence gene expression is post-transcriptional, possibly influencing the stability, compartmentalization and translation of mRNAs. This mechanism is an efficient means to regulate production of a diverse range of proteins.

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