Abstract
Imaging genetics provides an opportunity to discern associations between genetic variants and brain imaging phenotypes. Historically, the field has focused on adults and adolescents; very few imaging genetics studies have focused on brain development in infancy and early childhood (from birth to age 6 years). This is an important knowledge gap because developmental changes in the brain during the prenatal and early postnatal period are regulated by dynamic gene expression patterns that likely play an important role in establishing an individual's risk for later psychiatric illness and neurodevelopmental disabilities. In this review, we summarize findings from imaging genetics studies spanning from early infancy to early childhood, with a focus on studies examining genetic risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. We also introduce the Organization for Imaging Genomics in Infancy (ORIGINs), a working group of the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) consortium, which was established to facilitate large-scale imaging genetics studies in infancy and early childhood.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 905-920 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Biological psychiatry |
| Volume | 93 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 15 2023 |
Funding
ORIGINs is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. R01MH123716 [to RK]). Cohort 1: The EBDS ( Early Brain Development Research ) study is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health and National Institute of Child Health and Development (Grant Nos. MH064065 , MH070890 , and HD053000 [to JHG]), with genotyping funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. MH092335 [to RK]). Cohort 2: The GUSTO study was supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation under its Translational and Clinical Research Flagship Programme and administered by the Singapore Ministry of Health\u2019s National Medical Research Council (Grant Nos. NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008 and NMRC/TCR/012-NUHS/2014 [to AQ]). Cohort 3: The IBIS study (Infant Brain Imaging Study) was supported by Grant Nos. R01-HD055741, P30-HD003110, and T32-HD040127 from the National Institutes of Health and the Simons Foundation (Grant No. 140209 [to JP]). Cohort 4: The University of North Carolina study was supported through the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Grant No. DA022446 [to KG]). Cohort 5: The University of California Irvine study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. R01 HD-060628 , R01 MH-105538 , and UH3 OD-023349 ) and European Research Council (ERC) (Grant No. ERC-Stg 639766 [to CB]). Cohort 6: The Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences was supported by the Jacobs Foundation and by the German Research Foundation Heisenberg (Grant No. 433758790 [to MAS]). Cohort 7: The University of North Carolina study was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke (Grant No. NS055754 [to WL]). Cohort 8: The University of North Carolina study was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke (Grant No. NS055754 [to MS]) and National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. MH104330 [to RK and MS]). Cohort 9: The Developing Human Connectome Project was funded through a Synergy Grant by the ERC under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 319456 (PIs\u2014A. David Edwards, Jo Hajnal, Daniel Rueckert, Stephen Smith). Cohort 10: The Baby Connectome Project was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. U01MH110274 [to WL]). Cohort 11: The DCHS study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No. OPP 1017641). Additional support was provided by the Medical Research Council of South Africa. Imaging aspects of the cohort are additionally supported by the National Research Foundation , by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism via Grant Nos. R21AA023887 and R01AA026834-01, by the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders developmental Grant No. U24 AA014811, and by the United States Brain and Behavior Foundation Independent Investigator Grant No. 24467 and the Wellcome Trust through a Research Training Fellowship (203525/Z/16/Z [to DJS and KAD]). Cohort 12: The University of North Carolina study was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Grant No. DA379395 [to KG]). Cohort 13 (PHBP) and Cohort 15 (W2W) were funded by Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago/Stanley Manne Children\u2019s and by the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant Nos. R01MH121877 and R01MH107652 [to LSW]). Cohort 14: The Boston study was funded by the William Hearst Fund (Harvard University) and by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (Grant No. IH\u2013NICHDR01 HD065762-10) and the Harvard Catalyst/National Institute of Health (Grant No. 5UL1RR025758 [to NG]). Cohort 16: The University of Denver study was supported by Grant Nos. MH109662 and HL155744 (to EPD and BLH) from the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, respectively. Cohort 17: The University of Denver study was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (Grant No. HD090068 [to PK]). Cohort 18: The Rhode Island Hospital study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. UG3OD023313 to Sean C.L. Deoni). Cohort 19: The Rochester-Magee study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. 5UG3OD023349 [to TGO\u2019C]). DS has received research grants and/or consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson & Johnson, Kanna, L\u2019Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, and Vistagen. PMT received a research grant from Biogen, Inc. WL is a consultant of and received travel support from Nestl\u00E9 SA, Switzerland. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
Keywords
- Childhood
- Genetics
- Imaging
- Infant
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Pediatric
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biological Psychiatry