Genetic modifiers of muscular dystrophy: Implications for therapy

Ahlke Heydemann, Katherine R. Doherty, Elizabeth M. McNally*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

The genetic understanding of the muscular dystrophies has advanced considerably in the last two decades. Over 25 different individual genes are now known to produce muscular dystrophy, and many different "private" mutations have been described for each individual muscular dystrophy gene. For the more common forms of muscular dystrophy, phenotypic variability can be explained by precise mutations. However, for many genetic mutations, the presence of the identical mutation is associated with marked phenotypic range that affects muscle function as well as cardiac function. The explanation for phenotype variability in the muscular dystrophies is only now being explored. The availability of genetically engineered animal models has allowed the generation of single mutations on the background of highly inbred strain. Phenotypic variation that is altered by genetic background argues for the presence of genetic modifier loci that can ameliorate or enhance aspects of the dystrophic phenotype. A number of individual genes have been implicated as modifiers of muscular dystrophy by studies in genetically engineered mouse models of muscular dystrophy. The value of these genes and products is that the pathways identified through these experiments may be exploited for therapy.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)216-228
Number of pages13
JournalBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease
Volume1772
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2007

Funding

AH, KRD and EMM are supported by the NIH. EMM is also supported by the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the Heart Research Foundation, and the Burroughs Wellcome Foundation.

Keywords

  • Dysferlin
  • Dystrophin
  • Modifier
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Sarcoglycan

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Molecular Biology

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