TY - JOUR
T1 - Goal prediction in 2-year-old children with and without autism spectrum disorder
T2 - An eye-tracking study
AU - Krogh-Jespersen, Sheila
AU - Kaldy, Zsuzsa
AU - Valadez, Annalisa Groth
AU - Carter, Alice S.
AU - Woodward, Amanda L.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Frances Martinez Pedraza with her help with clinical assessments and the families that participated in this study. This project was supported by a Seed Grant from the Simons Foundation under the auspices of the Simons Center for the Social Brain at MIT (#319294) to Z. Kaldy, US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) grant #R40MC26195 to A. S. Carter, and by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD P01 HD 064653 and R03 HD079714) grants to A. L. Woodward.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2018/6/1
Y1 - 2018/6/1
N2 - This study examined the predictive reasoning abilities of typically developing (TD) infants and 2-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in an eye-tracking paradigm. Participants watched a video of a goal-directed action in which a human actor reached for and grasped one of two objects. At test, the objects switched locations. Across these events, we measured: visual anticipation of the action outcome with kinematic cues (i.e., a completed reaching behavior); goal prediction of the action outcome without kinematic cues (i.e., an incomplete reach); and latencies to generate predictions across these two tasks. Results revealed similarities in action anticipation across groups when trajectory information regarding the intended goal was present; however, when predicting the goal without kinematic cues, developmental and diagnostic differences became evident. Younger TD children generated goal-based visual predictions, whereas older TD children were not systematic in their visual predictions. In contrast to both TD groups, children with ASD generated location-based predictions, suggesting that their visual predictions may reflect visuomotor perseveration. Together, these results suggest differences in early predictive reasoning abilities. Autism Res 2018, 11: 870–882.
AB - This study examined the predictive reasoning abilities of typically developing (TD) infants and 2-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in an eye-tracking paradigm. Participants watched a video of a goal-directed action in which a human actor reached for and grasped one of two objects. At test, the objects switched locations. Across these events, we measured: visual anticipation of the action outcome with kinematic cues (i.e., a completed reaching behavior); goal prediction of the action outcome without kinematic cues (i.e., an incomplete reach); and latencies to generate predictions across these two tasks. Results revealed similarities in action anticipation across groups when trajectory information regarding the intended goal was present; however, when predicting the goal without kinematic cues, developmental and diagnostic differences became evident. Younger TD children generated goal-based visual predictions, whereas older TD children were not systematic in their visual predictions. In contrast to both TD groups, children with ASD generated location-based predictions, suggesting that their visual predictions may reflect visuomotor perseveration. Together, these results suggest differences in early predictive reasoning abilities. Autism Res 2018, 11: 870–882.
KW - autism spectrum disorder
KW - eye-tracking
KW - goal prediction speed
KW - goal-based action predictions
KW - infants
KW - prospective reasoning
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U2 - 10.1002/aur.1936
DO - 10.1002/aur.1936
M3 - Article
C2 - 29405645
AN - SCOPUS:85041615890
VL - 11
SP - 870
EP - 882
JO - Autism Research
JF - Autism Research
SN - 1939-3792
IS - 6
ER -