Graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Polystyrene Sulfonate Hybrid Nanostructures for Input/Output Bioelectronics

Raghav Garg; Gaurav Balakrishnan; Reem B. Rashid; Samuel A. Gershanok; Daniel San Roman; Yingqiao Wang; Peter C. Kouassi; Jonathan Rivnay; Tzahi Cohen-Karni

doi:10.1021/acsanm.3c00849

Graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Polystyrene Sulfonate Hybrid Nanostructures for Input/Output Bioelectronics

Raghav Garg^*, Gaurav Balakrishnan, Reem B. Rashid, Samuel A. Gershanok, Daniel San Roman, Yingqiao Wang, Peter C. Kouassi, Jonathan Rivnay, Tzahi Cohen-Karni^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Biomedical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

The ability to sense and stimulate cellular and tissue electrophysiology is fundamental to input/output bioelectronics. Their functionality is primarily governed by the structural and functional properties of the constituent electrode materials. Conventional electrode materials are hindered by their two-dimensional topology, high electrochemical impedances, low charge injection capacities, and limited stability over chronic timescales. Here, we propose a strategy for obtaining high-surface-area hybrid-nanomaterial for efficient I/O bioelectronics by conformally templating conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) onto nanowire-templated three-dimensional (3D) fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG). The result is a high-performance electrode material that can leverage the exceptional surface area of NT-3DFG and the volumetric charge storage properties of PEDOT:PSS. Owing to its high surface area, NT-3DFG microelectrodes exhibit lower electrode impedance and up to 35-fold greater charge injection capacity (CIC) compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Conformally templating PEDOT:PSS onto NT-3DFG further reduces electrode impedance and enhances CIC by 125-fold compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Moreover, the NT-3DFG-based nanomaterials exhibit high functional stability. Our results highlight the importance of extrapolating electrode topography to 3D and developing hybrid nanomaterials for miniaturized microelectrodes for functional bioelectronics.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	8495-8505
Number of pages	11
Journal	ACS Applied Nano Materials
Volume	6
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c00849
State	Published - May 26 2023

Funding

T.C.-K. and J.R. acknowledge support from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Award AWD00001593 (416052-5). The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. We also acknowledge support from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering Materials Characterization Facility supported by Grant MCF-677785. This work utilized Northwestern University’s Micro/Nano Fabrication Facility (NUFAB) and NUANCE Center (Keck-II facilities), which are partially supported by Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205), the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (DMR-1720139), Keck Foundation, and the State of Illinois, through the IIN.

Keywords

PEDOT:PSS
bioelectronics
graphene
hybrid nanomaterials
recording
stimulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science

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10.1021/acsanm.3c00849

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title = "Graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Polystyrene Sulfonate Hybrid Nanostructures for Input/Output Bioelectronics",

abstract = "The ability to sense and stimulate cellular and tissue electrophysiology is fundamental to input/output bioelectronics. Their functionality is primarily governed by the structural and functional properties of the constituent electrode materials. Conventional electrode materials are hindered by their two-dimensional topology, high electrochemical impedances, low charge injection capacities, and limited stability over chronic timescales. Here, we propose a strategy for obtaining high-surface-area hybrid-nanomaterial for efficient I/O bioelectronics by conformally templating conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) onto nanowire-templated three-dimensional (3D) fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG). The result is a high-performance electrode material that can leverage the exceptional surface area of NT-3DFG and the volumetric charge storage properties of PEDOT:PSS. Owing to its high surface area, NT-3DFG microelectrodes exhibit lower electrode impedance and up to 35-fold greater charge injection capacity (CIC) compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Conformally templating PEDOT:PSS onto NT-3DFG further reduces electrode impedance and enhances CIC by 125-fold compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Moreover, the NT-3DFG-based nanomaterials exhibit high functional stability. Our results highlight the importance of extrapolating electrode topography to 3D and developing hybrid nanomaterials for miniaturized microelectrodes for functional bioelectronics.",

keywords = "PEDOT:PSS, bioelectronics, graphene, hybrid nanomaterials, recording, stimulation",

author = "Raghav Garg and Gaurav Balakrishnan and Rashid, {Reem B.} and Gershanok, {Samuel A.} and Roman, {Daniel San} and Yingqiao Wang and Kouassi, {Peter C.} and Jonathan Rivnay and Tzahi Cohen-Karni",

year = "2023",

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AU - Garg, Raghav

AU - Balakrishnan, Gaurav

AU - Rashid, Reem B.

AU - Gershanok, Samuel A.

AU - Roman, Daniel San

AU - Wang, Yingqiao

AU - Kouassi, Peter C.

AU - Rivnay, Jonathan

AU - Cohen-Karni, Tzahi

PY - 2023/5/26

Y1 - 2023/5/26

N2 - The ability to sense and stimulate cellular and tissue electrophysiology is fundamental to input/output bioelectronics. Their functionality is primarily governed by the structural and functional properties of the constituent electrode materials. Conventional electrode materials are hindered by their two-dimensional topology, high electrochemical impedances, low charge injection capacities, and limited stability over chronic timescales. Here, we propose a strategy for obtaining high-surface-area hybrid-nanomaterial for efficient I/O bioelectronics by conformally templating conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) onto nanowire-templated three-dimensional (3D) fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG). The result is a high-performance electrode material that can leverage the exceptional surface area of NT-3DFG and the volumetric charge storage properties of PEDOT:PSS. Owing to its high surface area, NT-3DFG microelectrodes exhibit lower electrode impedance and up to 35-fold greater charge injection capacity (CIC) compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Conformally templating PEDOT:PSS onto NT-3DFG further reduces electrode impedance and enhances CIC by 125-fold compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Moreover, the NT-3DFG-based nanomaterials exhibit high functional stability. Our results highlight the importance of extrapolating electrode topography to 3D and developing hybrid nanomaterials for miniaturized microelectrodes for functional bioelectronics.

AB - The ability to sense and stimulate cellular and tissue electrophysiology is fundamental to input/output bioelectronics. Their functionality is primarily governed by the structural and functional properties of the constituent electrode materials. Conventional electrode materials are hindered by their two-dimensional topology, high electrochemical impedances, low charge injection capacities, and limited stability over chronic timescales. Here, we propose a strategy for obtaining high-surface-area hybrid-nanomaterial for efficient I/O bioelectronics by conformally templating conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) onto nanowire-templated three-dimensional (3D) fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG). The result is a high-performance electrode material that can leverage the exceptional surface area of NT-3DFG and the volumetric charge storage properties of PEDOT:PSS. Owing to its high surface area, NT-3DFG microelectrodes exhibit lower electrode impedance and up to 35-fold greater charge injection capacity (CIC) compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Conformally templating PEDOT:PSS onto NT-3DFG further reduces electrode impedance and enhances CIC by 125-fold compared to conventional metal microelectrodes. Moreover, the NT-3DFG-based nanomaterials exhibit high functional stability. Our results highlight the importance of extrapolating electrode topography to 3D and developing hybrid nanomaterials for miniaturized microelectrodes for functional bioelectronics.

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ER -

Graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Polystyrene Sulfonate Hybrid Nanostructures for Input/Output Bioelectronics

Abstract

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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