Hemicraniectomy in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Noninvasive Platform to Investigate High Gamma Activity for Brain Machine Interfaces

Mukta Vaidya*, Robert D. Flint, Po T. Wang, Alex Barry, Yongcheng Li, Mohammad Ghassemi, Goran Tomic, Jun Yao, Carolina Carmona, Emily M. Mugler, Sarah Gallick, Sangeeta Driver, Nenad Brkic, David Ripley, Charles Liu, Derek Kamper, An H. Do, Marc W. Slutzky

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) translate brain signals into control signals for an external device, such as a computer cursor or robotic limb. These signals can be obtained either noninvasively or invasively. Invasive recordings, using electrocorticography (ECoG) or intracortical microelectrodes, provide higher bandwidth and more informative signals. Rehabilitative BMIs, which aim to drive plasticity in the brain to enhance recovery after brain injury, have almost exclusively used non-invasive recordings, such electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), which have limited bandwidth and information content. Invasive recordings provide more information and spatiotemporal resolution, but do incur risk, and thus are not usually investigated in people with stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, in this paper, we describe a new BMI paradigm to investigate the use of higher frequency signals in brain-injured subjects without incurring significant risk. We recorded EEG in TBI subjects who required hemicraniectomies (removal of a part of the skull). EEG over the hemicraniectomy (hEEG) contained substantial information in the high gamma frequency range (65-115 Hz). Using this information, we decoded continuous finger flexion force with moderate to high accuracy (variance accounted for 0.06 to 0.52), which at best approaches that using epidural signals. These results indicate that people with hemicraniectomies can provide a useful resource for developing BMI therapies for the treatment of brain injury.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number8697146
Pages (from-to)1467-1472
Number of pages6
JournalIEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
Volume27
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2019

Funding

Manuscript received July 19, 2018; revised December 15, 2018 and January 9, 2019; accepted January 9, 2019. Date of publication April 23, 2019; date of current version July 4, 2019. This work was supported in part by the NIH Grant r01ns094748, and in part by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award under Grant 2011039. (Corresponding author: Mukta Vaidya.) M. Vaidya, R. D. Flint, G. Tomic, and E. M. Mugler are with the Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]).

Keywords

  • Brain-machine interface
  • EEG
  • brain-computer interface
  • high gamma
  • traumatic brain injury

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine
  • General Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation

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