@article{067c9983035c41d0af3f4ed823abaf99,
title = "Hepatitis C coinfection and extrahepatic cancer incidence among people living with HIV",
abstract = "Objectives: We assessed the incidence of extrahepatic cancer among people with HIV/HCV coinfection and the potential impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on extrahepatic cancer risk among people with HIV/HCV coinfection. Design: Our study cohort included adults who initiated HIV care at a CNICS site in the US during 1995–2017, excluding those with previous cancer and without HCV testing. Methods: We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios for extrahepatic cancer incidence among patients with HIV/HCV coinfection compared with those with HIV monoinfection. Standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) weights were used to create a {\textquoteleft}pseudopopulation{\textquoteright} in which all patients were treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and to compare extrahepatic cancer incidence among patients with untreated HIV/HCV coinfection with the incidence that would have been observed if they had been successfully treated for HCV. Results: Of 18 422 adults, 1775 (10%) had HCV RNA and 10 899 (59%) were on ART at baseline. Incidence rates of any extrahepatic cancer among patients with HIV/HCV coinfection and HIV monoinfection were 1027 and 771 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. In SMR-weighted analyses, the risk of any extrahepatic cancer among patients with untreated HCV coinfection at baseline was similar to the risk if they had been successfully treated for HCV. Patients with untreated HCV coinfection at baseline had higher incidence of kidney, lung and inflammation-related cancers than if their HCV had been successfully treated, but these associations were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We did not find evidence that treating HCV coinfection with DAAs would reduce the incidence of extrahepatic cancers among people with HIV receiving ART.",
keywords = "HIV coinfection, HIV infection, antiviral agents, extrahepatic cancer, hepatitis C, chronic",
author = "Willis, {Sarah J.} and Kim, {H. Nina} and Achenbach, {Chad J.} and Cachay, {Edward R.} and Christopoulos, {Katerina A.} and Crane, {Heidi M.} and Franco, {Ricardo A.} and Christopher B Hurt and Kitahata, {Mari M.} and Moore, {Richard D.} and Michael J Silverberg and Tien, {Phyllis C.} and Daniel Westreich and Marcus, {Julia L.}",
note = "Funding Information: CNICS is an NIH funded programme (R24 AI067039) made possible by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The CFAR sites involved in CNICS include the University of Alabama at Birmingham (P30 AI027767), University of Washington (P30 AI027757), University of California San Diego (P30 AI036214), University of California San Francisco (P30 AI027763), Case Western Reserve University (P30 AI036219), Johns Hopkins University (P30 AI094189, U01 DA036935), Fenway Health/Harvard (P30 AI060354), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (P30 AI50410), Vanderbilt University (P30 AI110527) and University of Miami (P30 AI073961). This work was also supported by NIAID awards K01 AI122853 to JLM and K24 AI108516 to PCT. Funding Information: CNICS is an NIH funded programme (R24 AI067039) made possible by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The CFAR sites involved in CNICS include the University of Alabama at Birmingham (P30 AI027767), University of Washington (P30 AI027757), University of California San Diego (P30 AI036214), University of California San Francisco (P30 AI027763), Case Western Reserve University (P30 AI036219), Johns Hopkins University (P30 AI094189, U01 DA036935), Fenway Health/Harvard (P30 AI060354), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (P30 AI50410), Vanderbilt University (P30 AI110527) and University of Miami (P30 AI073961). This work was also supported by NIAID awards K01 AI122853 to JLM and K24 AI108516 to PCT. The authors wish to thank the providers and patients who participate in CNICS. Funding Information: SJW is participating in research funded by Pfizer and paid to Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute outside of the submitted work. ERC has received research grants paid to UC Reagents from Gilead Sciences and Merck and has been on an advisory board for Gilead Sciences. MJS has received a grant paid to his institution from Gilead Sciences. PCT{\textquoteright}s institution received funding from Merck to support her research and Gilead to support an industry‐funded clinical trial. JLM has previously consulted for Kaiser Permanente Northern California on a research grant from Gilead Sciences outside of the submitted work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 British HIV Association.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1111/hiv.13218",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "23",
pages = "620--628",
journal = "HIV Medicine",
issn = "1464-2662",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "6",
}
