How the Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Glass Affect TPaD Performance

Heng Xu; Michael A. Peshkin; J. Edward Colgate

doi:10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287

How the Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Glass Affect TPaD Performance

Heng Xu^*, Michael A. Peshkin, J. Edward Colgate

^*Corresponding author for this work

Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

One well-known class of surface haptic devices that we have called Tactile Pattern Displays (TPaDs) uses ultrasonic transverse vibrations of a touch surface to modulate fingertip friction. This article addresses the power consumption of glass TPaDs, which is an important consideration in the context of mobile touchscreens. In particular, based on existing ultrasonic friction reduction models, we consider how the mechanical properties (density and Young's modulus) and thickness of commonly-used glass formulations affect TPaD performance, namely the relation between its friction reduction ability and its real power consumption. Experiments performed with eight types of TPaDs and an electromechanical model for the fingertip-TPaD system indicate: 1) TPaD performance decreases as glass thickness increases; 2) TPaD performance increases as the Young's modulus and density of glass decrease; and 3) real power consumption of a TPaD decreases as the contact force increases. Proper applications of these results can lead to significant increases in TPaD performance.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	9153158
Pages (from-to)	483-492
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Haptics
Volume	13
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287
State	Published - Jul 1 2020

Funding

Manuscript received December 13, 2019; revised May 22, 2020 and July 26, 2020; accepted July 28, 2020. Date of publication July 29, 2020; date of current version August 25, 2020. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IIS-1518602. This article was recommended for publication by Editor-in-Chief L. Jones upon evaluation of the reviewers’ comments. (Corresponding author: Heng Xu.) The authors are with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, North-western University, Evanston, IL 60208-3111 USA (e-mail: hengxu2015@u. northwestern.edu; [email protected]; [email protected]). Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287

Keywords

TPaD.
Ultrasonic friction reduction
mechanical properties
power consumption
vibration velocity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Human-Computer Interaction
Computer Science Applications

Access to Document

10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287

Cite this

@article{10840d5db385473285ee50e936cb5799,

title = "How the Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Glass Affect TPaD Performance",

abstract = "One well-known class of surface haptic devices that we have called Tactile Pattern Displays (TPaDs) uses ultrasonic transverse vibrations of a touch surface to modulate fingertip friction. This article addresses the power consumption of glass TPaDs, which is an important consideration in the context of mobile touchscreens. In particular, based on existing ultrasonic friction reduction models, we consider how the mechanical properties (density and Young's modulus) and thickness of commonly-used glass formulations affect TPaD performance, namely the relation between its friction reduction ability and its real power consumption. Experiments performed with eight types of TPaDs and an electromechanical model for the fingertip-TPaD system indicate: 1) TPaD performance decreases as glass thickness increases; 2) TPaD performance increases as the Young's modulus and density of glass decrease; and 3) real power consumption of a TPaD decreases as the contact force increases. Proper applications of these results can lead to significant increases in TPaD performance.",

keywords = "TPaD., Ultrasonic friction reduction, mechanical properties, power consumption, vibration velocity",

author = "Heng Xu and Peshkin, {Michael A.} and Colgate, {J. Edward}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2008-2011 IEEE.",

year = "2020",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "13",

pages = "483--492",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Haptics",

issn = "1939-1412",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - How the Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Glass Affect TPaD Performance

AU - Xu, Heng

AU - Peshkin, Michael A.

AU - Colgate, J. Edward

PY - 2020/7/1

Y1 - 2020/7/1

N2 - One well-known class of surface haptic devices that we have called Tactile Pattern Displays (TPaDs) uses ultrasonic transverse vibrations of a touch surface to modulate fingertip friction. This article addresses the power consumption of glass TPaDs, which is an important consideration in the context of mobile touchscreens. In particular, based on existing ultrasonic friction reduction models, we consider how the mechanical properties (density and Young's modulus) and thickness of commonly-used glass formulations affect TPaD performance, namely the relation between its friction reduction ability and its real power consumption. Experiments performed with eight types of TPaDs and an electromechanical model for the fingertip-TPaD system indicate: 1) TPaD performance decreases as glass thickness increases; 2) TPaD performance increases as the Young's modulus and density of glass decrease; and 3) real power consumption of a TPaD decreases as the contact force increases. Proper applications of these results can lead to significant increases in TPaD performance.

AB - One well-known class of surface haptic devices that we have called Tactile Pattern Displays (TPaDs) uses ultrasonic transverse vibrations of a touch surface to modulate fingertip friction. This article addresses the power consumption of glass TPaDs, which is an important consideration in the context of mobile touchscreens. In particular, based on existing ultrasonic friction reduction models, we consider how the mechanical properties (density and Young's modulus) and thickness of commonly-used glass formulations affect TPaD performance, namely the relation between its friction reduction ability and its real power consumption. Experiments performed with eight types of TPaDs and an electromechanical model for the fingertip-TPaD system indicate: 1) TPaD performance decreases as glass thickness increases; 2) TPaD performance increases as the Young's modulus and density of glass decrease; and 3) real power consumption of a TPaD decreases as the contact force increases. Proper applications of these results can lead to significant increases in TPaD performance.

KW - TPaD.

KW - Ultrasonic friction reduction

KW - mechanical properties

KW - power consumption

KW - vibration velocity

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090176433&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85090176433&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287

DO - 10.1109/TOH.2020.3013287

M3 - Article

C2 - 32746384

AN - SCOPUS:85090176433

SN - 1939-1412

VL - 13

SP - 483

EP - 492

JO - IEEE Transactions on Haptics

JF - IEEE Transactions on Haptics

IS - 3

M1 - 9153158

ER -

How the Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Glass Affect TPaD Performance

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this