Human immunodeficiency viral infection and differences in interstitial ventricular fibrosis and left atrial size

Katherine C. Wu*, Sabina A. Haberlen, Michael W. Plankey, Frank J. Palella, Damani A. Piggott, Gregory D. Kirk, Joseph B. Margolick, Wendy S. Post

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims: The extent to which human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection is independently associated with myocardial disease in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) remains understudied. We assessed differences in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) metrics among people living with HIV (PLWH) and without HIV (PWOH). Methods and results: Among 436 participants (aged 54.7 ± 6.0 years, 29% women) from three cohorts, we acquired CMR cines, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and T1 mapping. Multivariable linear regressions were used to evaluate associations between HIV serostatus and CMR metrics. Baseline characteristics were similar by HIV serostatus; 63% were PLWH of whom 88% received cART and 73% were virally suppressed. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was normal and similar by HIV serostatus (73%, PWOH vs. 72%, PLWH, P = 0.43) as were right ventricular function, biventricular volumes, and masses. LGE prevalence was similar (32%, PWOH vs. 36%, PLWH, P = 0.46) with low scar extents (4.1, PWOH vs. 4.9 g, PLWH, P = 0.51) and few ischaemic scars (3%, PWOH vs. 4%, PLWH, P = 0.70). Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) was higher among PLWH (29.2 ± 4.1% vs. 28.3 ± 3.7%, P = 0.04) as was indexed maximum left atrial (LA) volume (LAVI, 29.7 ± 10.3 vs. 27.8 ± 8.7 mL/m2, P = 0.05). After multivariate adjustment, ECV was 0.84% higher among PLWH (P = 0.05) and LAVI was 2.45 mL/m2 larger (P = 0.01). HIV seropositivity and higher ECV contributed to higher LAVI (P < 0.02). There were no associations between HIV disease severity and CMR metrics among PLWH. Conclusion: HIV seropositivity was independently associated with greater diffuse non-ischaemic fibrosis and larger LA volume but no other differences in CMR metrics.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)888-895
Number of pages8
JournalEuropean heart journal cardiovascular Imaging
Volume22
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2021

Keywords

  • cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
  • human immunodeficiency virus
  • left atrial volumes
  • myocardial fibrosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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