Abstract
Background: Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been studied for decades as a promising treatment for obesity. Stimulation pulses with fixed amplitude and pulse width are usually applied, but these have limitations with regard to overcoming habituation to GES and inter-subject variation. This study aims to analyze the efficacy of an adaptive GES protocol for reducing food intake and maintaining lean weight in dogs. Methods: Six beagle dogs were implanted with a remotely programmable gastric stimulator. An adaptive protocol was designed to increase the stimulation energy proportionally to the excess of food consumption, with respect to the dogs’ maintenance energy requirements. After surgery and habituation to experimental conditions, the dogs went through both a control and a stimulation period of 4 weeks each, in a randomized order. The stimulation parameters were adapted daily. Body weight, food intake, food intake rate, and postprandial cutaneous electrogastrograms (EGG) were recorded to assess the effect of adaptive GES. Results: Adaptive GES decreased food intake and food intake rate (p < 0.05) resulting in weight maintenance. In the absence of GES, the dogs gained weight (p < 0.05). Postprandial EGG dominant frequency was accelerated by GES (p < 0.05). The strategy of adapting the stimulation energy was effective in causing significant mid-term changes. Conclusion: Adaptive GES is effective for reducing food intake and maintaining lean weight. The proposed adaptive strategy may offer benefits to counter habituation and adapt to inter-subject variation in clinical use of GES for obesity.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1055-1067 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Artificial organs |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2022 |
Funding
This study was funded by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique – FNRS (Grant n° 33666414). This work has greatly benefited from the involvement of Michel Osée, Geoffrey Vanbienne, Christophe Reyntiens, and Hugo Brunatti with regard to electronics manufacturing and validation, and from the work of Amy DeLuycker, Daniel Tensy, Marie‐Céline Hottat, and Camila Baptista da Silva on the in‐vivo experiments. The authors acknowledge the contribution of a medical writer, Sandy Field, PhD, for English language editing of this manuscript and of Romain Raffoul, for his help in reviewing the manuscript. This study was funded by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique – FNRS (Grant n° 33666414). This work has greatly benefited from the involvement of Michel Osée, Geoffrey Vanbienne, Christophe Reyntiens, and Hugo Brunatti with regard to electronics manufacturing and validation, and from the work of Amy DeLuycker, Daniel Tensy, Marie-Céline Hottat, and Camila Baptista da Silva on the in-vivo experiments. The authors acknowledge the contribution of a medical writer, Sandy Field, PhD, for English language editing of this manuscript and of Romain Raffoul, for his help in reviewing the manuscript.
Keywords
- adaptive stimulation
- gastric electrical stimulation
- obesity
- weight loss
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Bioengineering
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Biomaterials
- Biomedical Engineering
