TY - JOUR
T1 - Implementation Science in Perioperative Care
AU - Lane-Fall, Meghan B.
AU - Cobb, Benjamin T.
AU - Cené, Crystal Wiley
AU - Beidas, Rinad S.
N1 - Funding Information:
Given that IS is a relatively new discipline, traditional formal training opportunities have been limited. 51 However, in the past decade, multiple formal training programs have emerged. Opportunities for training include training institutes, conferences, internships, fellowships, graduate training, certificate programs, and doctoral study programs with exposure to IS. The Society for Implementation Research Collaboration maintains an extensive listing of IS training opportunities, 52 as does the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research. 53 Here, we focus on 2 types of training opportunities compatible with part-time study: training institutes and online courses.
Funding Information:
IS is commonly conceptualized as part of the continuum linking scientific discoveries to improved health. It is likely this idea that has sparked the interest of various funding agencies interested in maximizing the health impact of their portfolios. In the United States, NIH, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute are among the funders that have issued multiple calls for funding for IS proposals. NIH in particular has been an ardent supporter of IS. 56 Since 2000, individual institutes at the NIH have issued grant proposals for dissemination and IS studies. 57 Additionally, NIH sponsors multiple IS training programs, holds webinars about IS, cosponsors an annual conference on IS, created an IS study section (Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health), 58 and continues to issue regular calls for funding IS proposals. The NIH National Library of Medicine hosts the National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology, which maintains a listing of NIH funding opportunities related to IS. 59 Successful grant proposals in IS acknowledge the tenets discussed earlier in this article. Specifically, they accomplish at least 3 tasks: 1. acknowledge the conceptual differences among efficacy, effectiveness, and implementation 2. select clinical interventions with efficacy and, ideally, stakeholder acceptance 3. include an explicit theory or framework that informs study design, execution or analysis Two recent articles assist investigators in developing compelling and fundable IS proposals. 60,61 Researchers also may consider using the effectiveness-implementation hybrid designs discussed earlier. 43 Investigators should recognize that the hybrid designs are relatively new and may be unfamiliar to non-IS grant reviewers. Generous citations and explicit outlining of effectiveness and implementation outcome measures may be useful in justifying the use of hybrid designs.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2018/3
Y1 - 2018/3
N2 - There is a 17-year gap between the initial publication of scientific evidence and its uptake into widespread practice in health care. The field of implementation science (IS) emerged in the 1990s as an answer to this “evidence-to-practice gap.” In this article, we present an overview of implementation science, focusing on the application of IS principles to perioperative care. We describe opportunities for additional training and discuss strategies for funding and publishing IS work. The objective is to demonstrate how IS can improve perioperative patient care, while highlighting perioperative IS studies and identifying areas in need of additional investigation.
AB - There is a 17-year gap between the initial publication of scientific evidence and its uptake into widespread practice in health care. The field of implementation science (IS) emerged in the 1990s as an answer to this “evidence-to-practice gap.” In this article, we present an overview of implementation science, focusing on the application of IS principles to perioperative care. We describe opportunities for additional training and discuss strategies for funding and publishing IS work. The objective is to demonstrate how IS can improve perioperative patient care, while highlighting perioperative IS studies and identifying areas in need of additional investigation.
KW - Evidence-based practice
KW - Evidence-practice gap
KW - Implementation science
KW - Perioperative research
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U2 - 10.1016/j.anclin.2017.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.anclin.2017.10.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29425593
AN - SCOPUS:85041302154
SN - 1932-2275
VL - 36
SP - 1
EP - 15
JO - Anesthesiology Clinics
JF - Anesthesiology Clinics
IS - 1
ER -