Abstract
Published histologic studies of the hilar plate or entire biliary remnant at the time of Kasai portoenterostomy (KHPE) have not provided deep insight into the pathogenesis of biliary atresia, relation to age at surgery, prognosis or the basis for successful drainage. We report detailed histologic findings in 172 centrally reviewed biliary remnants with an average of 6 sections per subject. Active lesions were classified as either necroinflammatory (rare/clustered in a few subjects) or active concentric fibroplasia with or without inflammation (common). Inactive lesions showed bland replacement by collagen and fibrous cords with little or no inflammation. Heterogeneity was common within a given remnant; however, relatively homogenous histologic patterns, defined as 3 or more inactive or active levels in the hepatic ducts levels, characterized most remnants. Homogeneity did not correlate with age at KHPE, presence/absence of congenital anomalies at laparotomy indicative of heterotaxy and outcome. Remnants from youngest subjects were more likely than older subjects to be homogenously inactive suggesting significantly earlier onset in the youngest subset. Conversely remnants from the oldest subjects were often homogenously active suggesting later onset or slower progression. More data are needed in remnants from subjects <30 days old at KHPE and in those with visceral anomalies. Prevalence of partially preserved epithelium in active fibroplastic biliary atresia lesions at all ages suggests that epithelial regression or injury may not be a primary event or that reepithelialization is already underway at the time of KHPE. We hypothesize that outcome after KHPE results from competition between active fibroplasia and reepithelialization of retained, collapsed but not obliterated lumens. The driver of active fibroplasia is unknown.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1625-1635 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | American Journal of Surgical Pathology |
Volume | 42 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1 2018 |
Funding
Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: Supported by U01 grants from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 62445 [Mount Sinai School of Medicine], DK 62497 [Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center], DK 62470 [Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta], DK62481 [The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia], DK 62456 [The University of Michigan], DK 84536 [Riley Hospital for Children], DK 84575 [Seattle Children’s Hospital], DK 62500 [UCSF Children’s Hospital], DK 62503 [Johns Hopkins School of Medicine], DK 62466 [Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC], DK 62453 [Children’s Hospital Colorado], DK 62452 [Washington University School of Medicine], DK 84538 [Children’s Hospital Los Angeles], DK 62436 [Ann & Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago]). The authors have disclosed that they have no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.
Keywords
- Kasai portoenterostomy
- age
- biliary atresia
- extrahepatic bile ducts
- heterotaxy
- hilar plate
- histogenesis
- outcome
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Anatomy
- Surgery
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine