Abstract
Martian concretes have gained traction in recent years as a sustainable way to provide for life on Mars and possibly other planets. Despite several studies focused on unraveling the structure–property relationships in martian concretes, the influence of microstructural heterogeneity is not fully understood. We investigate the influence of the martian soil simulant on the microstructure and fracture response of martian concretes. To this end, martian concretes were synthesized using three selections of martian soil simulants. Advanced nanoscale mechanical testing modules were utilized, such as statistical nanoindentation and scratch testing, to investigate the elasto-plastic and fracture response at the nanoscale. A granular microstructure is observed for martian concrete with a distinct matrix-inclusion morphology, and with the fraction of the matrix being dependent on the martian soil selection. The basic matrix exhibits a Young's modulus of 18.83–25.24 GPa. The basic matrix also exhibits a microporous architecture, with a pitch size of 1–2 μm. The fracture response of martian concretes is nonlinear, with fracture toughness values in the range 0.48–0.7 Mpam and the fracture toughness is highest when the matrix volume fraction is maximized. The matrix is very ductile with the dominant fracture micromechanisms being void formation and crazing. In turn, the grains are very brittle with microcracking being the dominant fracture micromechanism. Thus, our study links the microstructure and mechanical performance of martian concretes to the composition of the martian soil simulant. This study is important to issue recommendations for the design of high-performance Mars-friendly construction materials.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 104013 |
Journal | Mechanics Research Communications |
Volume | 127 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 2023 |
Funding
This work made use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource ( NSF ECCS-1542205 ); the MRSEC, USA program ( NSF DMR-1720139 ) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN) ; the Keck Foundation, USA ; and the State of Illinois , through the IIN. We are grateful for the support from Prof. Akono’s Louis Berger Junior Professor Chair. We are grateful to Prof. Gianluca Cusatis for invaluable insights on the science and technology of martian concrete.
Keywords
- Martian concrete
- Scratch tests
- Statistical nanoindentation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- General Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Mechanics of Materials
- Mechanical Engineering