Interfacial segregation at Cu-rich precipitates in a high-strength low-carbon steel studied on a sub-nanometer scale

Dieter Isheim; Michael S. Gagliano; Morris E. Fine; David N. Seidman

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.023

Interfacial segregation at Cu-rich precipitates in a high-strength low-carbon steel studied on a sub-nanometer scale

Dieter Isheim^*, Michael S. Gagliano, Morris E. Fine, David N. Seidman

^*Corresponding author for this work

Materials Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

279 Scopus citations

Abstract

The local composition of small, coherent Cu-rich precipitates with a metastable body-centered cubic structure in a ferritic α-Fe matrix of a high-strength low-carbon steel was studied by conventional atom-probe tomography. The average diameter, 〈D〉, of the precipitates is 2.5 ± 0.3 nm at a number density of (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10 ²⁴ m^-3 after direct aging at 490°C for 100 min to a near-peak hardness condition, yielding a value of 84 Rockwell G. Besides Cu, the precipitates contain 33 ± 1 at.% Fe and are enriched in Al (0.5 ± 0.1 at.%). Nickel and Mn are significantly segregated at the α-Fe matrix/precipitate heterophase interfaces. The Gibbsian interfacial excesses relative to Fe and Cu are 1.5 ± 0.4 atoms nm^-2 for Ni and 1.0 ± 0.3 atoms nm^-2 for Mn. The reduction of the interfacial free energy, calculated utilizing the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, is 16 mJ m ^-2 for Ni and 11 mJ m^-2 for Mn.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	841-849
Number of pages	9
Journal	Acta Materialia
Volume	54
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.023
State	Published - Feb 2006

Keywords

Ferritic steels
Gibbsian interfacial excess
Interface segregation
Nanostructure
Precipitation hardening

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Ceramics and Composites
Polymers and Plastics
Metals and Alloys

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10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.023

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@article{6632afac89ac44199d6b37bf278e0995,

title = "Interfacial segregation at Cu-rich precipitates in a high-strength low-carbon steel studied on a sub-nanometer scale",

abstract = "The local composition of small, coherent Cu-rich precipitates with a metastable body-centered cubic structure in a ferritic α-Fe matrix of a high-strength low-carbon steel was studied by conventional atom-probe tomography. The average diameter, 〈D〉, of the precipitates is 2.5 ± 0.3 nm at a number density of (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10 24 m-3 after direct aging at 490°C for 100 min to a near-peak hardness condition, yielding a value of 84 Rockwell G. Besides Cu, the precipitates contain 33 ± 1 at.% Fe and are enriched in Al (0.5 ± 0.1 at.%). Nickel and Mn are significantly segregated at the α-Fe matrix/precipitate heterophase interfaces. The Gibbsian interfacial excesses relative to Fe and Cu are 1.5 ± 0.4 atoms nm-2 for Ni and 1.0 ± 0.3 atoms nm-2 for Mn. The reduction of the interfacial free energy, calculated utilizing the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, is 16 mJ m -2 for Ni and 11 mJ m-2 for Mn.",

keywords = "Ferritic steels, Gibbsian interfacial excess, Interface segregation, Nanostructure, Precipitation hardening",

author = "Dieter Isheim and Gagliano, {Michael S.} and Fine, {Morris E.} and Seidman, {David N.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Dr. Shrikant P. Bhat, Ispat-Inland Inc., for the provision of the steel used in this study and the bulk chemical composition. The atom-probe tomographic experiments were performed in the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT). The instruments in this Center were purchased with funds from the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation{\textquoteright}s instrumentation programs. Financial support by the Office of Naval Research, Grant Nos. N000014-03-1-0252 and N00014-99-1-0601, Drs. George Yoder and Julie Christodoulou, program directors, is gratefully acknowledged.",

year = "2006",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.023",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "54",

pages = "841--849",

journal = "Acta Materialia",

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publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

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T1 - Interfacial segregation at Cu-rich precipitates in a high-strength low-carbon steel studied on a sub-nanometer scale

AU - Isheim, Dieter

AU - Gagliano, Michael S.

AU - Fine, Morris E.

AU - Seidman, David N.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Dr. Shrikant P. Bhat, Ispat-Inland Inc., for the provision of the steel used in this study and the bulk chemical composition. The atom-probe tomographic experiments were performed in the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT). The instruments in this Center were purchased with funds from the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation’s instrumentation programs. Financial support by the Office of Naval Research, Grant Nos. N000014-03-1-0252 and N00014-99-1-0601, Drs. George Yoder and Julie Christodoulou, program directors, is gratefully acknowledged.

PY - 2006/2

Y1 - 2006/2

N2 - The local composition of small, coherent Cu-rich precipitates with a metastable body-centered cubic structure in a ferritic α-Fe matrix of a high-strength low-carbon steel was studied by conventional atom-probe tomography. The average diameter, 〈D〉, of the precipitates is 2.5 ± 0.3 nm at a number density of (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10 24 m-3 after direct aging at 490°C for 100 min to a near-peak hardness condition, yielding a value of 84 Rockwell G. Besides Cu, the precipitates contain 33 ± 1 at.% Fe and are enriched in Al (0.5 ± 0.1 at.%). Nickel and Mn are significantly segregated at the α-Fe matrix/precipitate heterophase interfaces. The Gibbsian interfacial excesses relative to Fe and Cu are 1.5 ± 0.4 atoms nm-2 for Ni and 1.0 ± 0.3 atoms nm-2 for Mn. The reduction of the interfacial free energy, calculated utilizing the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, is 16 mJ m -2 for Ni and 11 mJ m-2 for Mn.

AB - The local composition of small, coherent Cu-rich precipitates with a metastable body-centered cubic structure in a ferritic α-Fe matrix of a high-strength low-carbon steel was studied by conventional atom-probe tomography. The average diameter, 〈D〉, of the precipitates is 2.5 ± 0.3 nm at a number density of (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10 24 m-3 after direct aging at 490°C for 100 min to a near-peak hardness condition, yielding a value of 84 Rockwell G. Besides Cu, the precipitates contain 33 ± 1 at.% Fe and are enriched in Al (0.5 ± 0.1 at.%). Nickel and Mn are significantly segregated at the α-Fe matrix/precipitate heterophase interfaces. The Gibbsian interfacial excesses relative to Fe and Cu are 1.5 ± 0.4 atoms nm-2 for Ni and 1.0 ± 0.3 atoms nm-2 for Mn. The reduction of the interfacial free energy, calculated utilizing the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, is 16 mJ m -2 for Ni and 11 mJ m-2 for Mn.

KW - Ferritic steels

KW - Gibbsian interfacial excess

KW - Interface segregation

KW - Nanostructure

KW - Precipitation hardening

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DO - 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.023

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AN - SCOPUS:29944441146

SN - 1359-6454

VL - 54

SP - 841

EP - 849

JO - Acta Materialia

JF - Acta Materialia

IS - 3

ER -

Interfacial segregation at Cu-rich precipitates in a high-strength low-carbon steel studied on a sub-nanometer scale

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Keywords

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