Inv(11)(q21q23); KMT2A-MAML2, a Recurrent Genetic Abnormality in T-Cell Therapy–related Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

T-cell therapy–related acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-t-ALL) is a rare condition associated with previous cytotoxic therapy for another disease. Here we report T-t-ALL with inv(11) (q21q23), which involves KMT2A and MAML2, a transcriptional coactivator of NOTCH proteins, that occurred after chemotherapy for Philadelphia chromosome–positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This case describes the youngest patient with T-t-ALL harboring inv(11)(q21q23) and is the first independent report following an initial series also occurring in children. Our results lend further support to the observation that the KMT2A-MAML2 fusion gene resulting from inv(11)(q21q23) is likely a recurrent cytogenetic abnormality in T-t-ALL and appears to be associated with pediatric cases.