Is in-kind kinder than cash? The impact of money vs. food aid on social emotions and aid take-up

Samantha Kassirer*, Ata Jami, Maryam Kouchaki

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Over the past decade, there has been a shift in the way charities deliver humanitarian aid. Historically, the most prevalent way to help the global poor was by providing in-kind asset transfers. Recently, alternatives to in-kind aid, such as cash aid, have been increasing in prevalence. Although there has been widespread endorsement from the academic community and the public on the popularizing model of giving cash aid, one perspective remains untouched: the recipient’s perspective. Thus, the present research explores how food-insecure individuals feel when receiving money vs. in-kind food aid to help meet their hunger and nutrition needs. Specifically, we explore the degree of positive (e.g., feeling cared for) and negative (e.g., feeling ashamed) social emotions felt when receiving the aid opportunity and how willing recipients are to accept monetary (vs. food) aid. Results from five preregistered experiments (N = 3,110)—a field experiment in Kenya and four online experiments in the United States—find that monetary (vs. food) aid elicits comparatively more of a market-pricing relationship and less of a communal sharing relationship and, hence, makes people feel less positive and more negative social emotions when receiving the help. Subsequently, recipients are less likely to take up monetary (vs. food) aid from a charity. However, we find that this effect does not persist when receiving government aid: Recipients are similarly willing to accept money and in-kind food aid from the government. This research suggests that future scholarship ought to examine ways to improve psychological experiences when receiving money from charity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere2310025121
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume121
Issue number38
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 17 2024

Funding

We thank Bruce Wydick, Dean Karlan, Aparna Labroo, Alan Fiske, Rima Tour\u00E9-Tillery, Joshua Greene, and Eli Finkel for their very helpful feedback; the Busara Center for assisting with data collection for Experiment 1; and Kylie Davis, Yin Li, and Anne Grasse for research assistance. The funding for this research came from Northwestern University\u2019s Kellogg School of Management.

Keywords

  • food aid
  • food insecurity
  • monetary aid
  • recipients’ reactions to aid
  • relational models theory

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General

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