Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences

Ethan J. Pratt; Micah Ledbetter; Ricardo Jiménez-Martínez; Benjamin Shapiro; Amelia Solon; Geoffrey Z. Iwata; Steve Garber; Jeff Gormley; Dakota Decker; David Delgadillo; Argyrios T. Dellis; Jake Phillips; Guhan Sundar; Jerry Leung; Jim Coyne; Mike McKinley; Gilbert Lopez; Scott Homan; Lucas Marsh; Mary Zhang; Vincent Maurice; Benjamin Siepser; Teresa Giovannoli; Brandon Leverett; Gabriel Lerner; Scott Seidman; Vicente Deluna; Kayla Wright-Freeman; Julian Kates-Harbeck; Teague Lasser; Hooman Mohseni; T. J. Sharp; Anthony Zorzos; Antonio H. Lara; Ali Kouhzadi; Alejandro Ojeda; Pronoy Chopra; Zachary Bednarke; Michael Henninger; Jamu K. Alford

doi:10.1117/12.2581794

Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences

Ethan J. Pratt^*, Micah Ledbetter, Ricardo Jiménez-Martínez, Benjamin Shapiro, Amelia Solon, Geoffrey Z. Iwata, Steve Garber, Jeff Gormley, Dakota Decker, David Delgadillo, Argyrios T. Dellis, Jake Phillips, Guhan Sundar, Jerry Leung, Jim Coyne, Mike McKinley, Gilbert Lopez, Scott Homan, Lucas Marsh, Mary ZhangVincent Maurice, Benjamin Siepser, Teresa Giovannoli, Brandon Leverett, Gabriel Lerner, Scott Seidman, Vicente Deluna, Kayla Wright-Freeman, Julian Kates-Harbeck, Teague Lasser, Hooman Mohseni, T. J. Sharp, Anthony Zorzos, Antonio H. Lara, Ali Kouhzadi, Alejandro Ojeda, Pronoy Chopra, Zachary Bednarke, Michael Henninger, Jamu K. Alford

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

MEG based on optically-pumped magnetometry (OP-MEG) operates with miniaturized, wearable insulation, in contrast to massive cryogenic dewars for SQUID-MEG, and allows placement of the sensors close to the scalp. This allows more natural head motion during data recording and localized signal quality comparable to, or surpassing, SQUID-MEG. However no OP-MEG system to date has offered full-head coverage with dense sensor packing, and existing systems - as with SQUID-MEG - require the subject to be sealed in a multilayer, passively-shielded vault in order to suppress ambient magnetic fields. Here we present Kernel Flux, which overcomes these limitations. Kernel Flux uses a collection of alkali vapor sensors in a unique array architecture to directly detect the magnetic fields generated by collective neural activity in the brain, while allowing for comfortable head motion. Each Kernel Flux OP-MEG system was designed from the ground up to work as an integrated system optimized around the user's experience, with relevance to natural home and office contexts.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology
Editors	Selim M. Shahriar, Jacob Scheuer
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510642355
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581794
State	Published - 2021
Externally published	Yes
Event	Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology 2021 - Virtual, Online, United States Duration: Mar 6 2021 → Mar 11 2021

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	11700
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology 2021
Country/Territory	United States
City	Virtual, Online
Period	3/6/21 → 3/11/21

Keywords

Kernel
Kernel Flux
MEG
OP-MEG
OPM
alkali vapor cell
functional brain imaging
magnetoencephalography

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Condensed Matter Physics
Computer Science Applications
Applied Mathematics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1117/12.2581794

Cite this

Pratt, E. J., Ledbetter, M., Jiménez-Martínez, R., Shapiro, B., Solon, A., Iwata, G. Z., Garber, S., Gormley, J., Decker, D., Delgadillo, D., Dellis, A. T., Phillips, J., Sundar, G., Leung, J., Coyne, J., McKinley, M., Lopez, G., Homan, S., Marsh, L., ... Alford, J. K. (2021). Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. In S. M. Shahriar, & J. Scheuer (Eds.), Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology [1170032] (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 11700). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581794

Pratt, Ethan J. ; Ledbetter, Micah ; Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo ; Shapiro, Benjamin ; Solon, Amelia ; Iwata, Geoffrey Z. ; Garber, Steve ; Gormley, Jeff ; Decker, Dakota ; Delgadillo, David ; Dellis, Argyrios T. ; Phillips, Jake ; Sundar, Guhan ; Leung, Jerry ; Coyne, Jim ; McKinley, Mike ; Lopez, Gilbert ; Homan, Scott ; Marsh, Lucas ; Zhang, Mary ; Maurice, Vincent ; Siepser, Benjamin ; Giovannoli, Teresa ; Leverett, Brandon ; Lerner, Gabriel ; Seidman, Scott ; Deluna, Vicente ; Wright-Freeman, Kayla ; Kates-Harbeck, Julian ; Lasser, Teague ; Mohseni, Hooman ; Sharp, T. J. ; Zorzos, Anthony ; Lara, Antonio H. ; Kouhzadi, Ali ; Ojeda, Alejandro ; Chopra, Pronoy ; Bednarke, Zachary ; Henninger, Michael ; Alford, Jamu K. / Kernel Flux : A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology. editor / Selim M. Shahriar ; Jacob Scheuer. SPIE, 2021. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering).

@inproceedings{d5525af63e364c539f36798599bec73b,

title = "Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences",

abstract = "MEG based on optically-pumped magnetometry (OP-MEG) operates with miniaturized, wearable insulation, in contrast to massive cryogenic dewars for SQUID-MEG, and allows placement of the sensors close to the scalp. This allows more natural head motion during data recording and localized signal quality comparable to, or surpassing, SQUID-MEG. However no OP-MEG system to date has offered full-head coverage with dense sensor packing, and existing systems - as with SQUID-MEG - require the subject to be sealed in a multilayer, passively-shielded vault in order to suppress ambient magnetic fields. Here we present Kernel Flux, which overcomes these limitations. Kernel Flux uses a collection of alkali vapor sensors in a unique array architecture to directly detect the magnetic fields generated by collective neural activity in the brain, while allowing for comfortable head motion. Each Kernel Flux OP-MEG system was designed from the ground up to work as an integrated system optimized around the user's experience, with relevance to natural home and office contexts. ",

keywords = "Kernel, Kernel Flux, MEG, OP-MEG, OPM, alkali vapor cell, functional brain imaging, magnetoencephalography",

author = "Pratt, {Ethan J.} and Micah Ledbetter and Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Mart{\'i}nez and Benjamin Shapiro and Amelia Solon and Iwata, {Geoffrey Z.} and Steve Garber and Jeff Gormley and Dakota Decker and David Delgadillo and Dellis, {Argyrios T.} and Jake Phillips and Guhan Sundar and Jerry Leung and Jim Coyne and Mike McKinley and Gilbert Lopez and Scott Homan and Lucas Marsh and Mary Zhang and Vincent Maurice and Benjamin Siepser and Teresa Giovannoli and Brandon Leverett and Gabriel Lerner and Scott Seidman and Vicente Deluna and Kayla Wright-Freeman and Julian Kates-Harbeck and Teague Lasser and Hooman Mohseni and Sharp, {T. J.} and Anthony Zorzos and Lara, {Antonio H.} and Ali Kouhzadi and Alejandro Ojeda and Pronoy Chopra and Zachary Bednarke and Michael Henninger and Alford, {Jamu K.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.; Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology 2021 ; Conference date: 06-03-2021 Through 11-03-2021",

year = "2021",

doi = "10.1117/12.2581794",

language = "English (US)",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE",

editor = "Shahriar, {Selim M.} and Jacob Scheuer",

booktitle = "Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology",

}

Pratt, EJ, Ledbetter, M, Jiménez-Martínez, R, Shapiro, B, Solon, A, Iwata, GZ, Garber, S, Gormley, J, Decker, D, Delgadillo, D, Dellis, AT, Phillips, J, Sundar, G, Leung, J, Coyne, J, McKinley, M, Lopez, G, Homan, S, Marsh, L, Zhang, M, Maurice, V, Siepser, B, Giovannoli, T, Leverett, B, Lerner, G, Seidman, S, Deluna, V, Wright-Freeman, K, Kates-Harbeck, J, Lasser, T, Mohseni, H, Sharp, TJ, Zorzos, A, Lara, AH, Kouhzadi, A, Ojeda, A, Chopra, P, Bednarke, Z, Henninger, M & Alford, JK 2021, Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. in SM Shahriar & J Scheuer (eds), Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology., 1170032, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 11700, SPIE, Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology 2021, Virtual, Online, United States, 3/6/21. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581794

Kernel Flux : A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. / Pratt, Ethan J.; Ledbetter, Micah; Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo; Shapiro, Benjamin; Solon, Amelia; Iwata, Geoffrey Z.; Garber, Steve; Gormley, Jeff; Decker, Dakota; Delgadillo, David; Dellis, Argyrios T.; Phillips, Jake; Sundar, Guhan; Leung, Jerry; Coyne, Jim; McKinley, Mike; Lopez, Gilbert; Homan, Scott; Marsh, Lucas; Zhang, Mary; Maurice, Vincent; Siepser, Benjamin; Giovannoli, Teresa; Leverett, Brandon; Lerner, Gabriel; Seidman, Scott; Deluna, Vicente; Wright-Freeman, Kayla; Kates-Harbeck, Julian; Lasser, Teague; Mohseni, Hooman; Sharp, T. J.; Zorzos, Anthony; Lara, Antonio H.; Kouhzadi, Ali; Ojeda, Alejandro; Chopra, Pronoy; Bednarke, Zachary; Henninger, Michael; Alford, Jamu K.

Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology. ed. / Selim M. Shahriar; Jacob Scheuer. SPIE, 2021. 1170032 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 11700).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - Kernel Flux

T2 - Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology 2021

AU - Pratt, Ethan J.

AU - Ledbetter, Micah

AU - Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo

AU - Shapiro, Benjamin

AU - Solon, Amelia

AU - Iwata, Geoffrey Z.

AU - Garber, Steve

AU - Gormley, Jeff

AU - Decker, Dakota

AU - Delgadillo, David

AU - Dellis, Argyrios T.

AU - Phillips, Jake

AU - Sundar, Guhan

AU - Leung, Jerry

AU - Coyne, Jim

AU - McKinley, Mike

AU - Lopez, Gilbert

AU - Homan, Scott

AU - Marsh, Lucas

AU - Zhang, Mary

AU - Maurice, Vincent

AU - Siepser, Benjamin

AU - Giovannoli, Teresa

AU - Leverett, Brandon

AU - Lerner, Gabriel

AU - Seidman, Scott

AU - Deluna, Vicente

AU - Wright-Freeman, Kayla

AU - Kates-Harbeck, Julian

AU - Lasser, Teague

AU - Mohseni, Hooman

AU - Sharp, T. J.

AU - Zorzos, Anthony

AU - Lara, Antonio H.

AU - Kouhzadi, Ali

AU - Ojeda, Alejandro

AU - Chopra, Pronoy

AU - Bednarke, Zachary

AU - Henninger, Michael

AU - Alford, Jamu K.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - MEG based on optically-pumped magnetometry (OP-MEG) operates with miniaturized, wearable insulation, in contrast to massive cryogenic dewars for SQUID-MEG, and allows placement of the sensors close to the scalp. This allows more natural head motion during data recording and localized signal quality comparable to, or surpassing, SQUID-MEG. However no OP-MEG system to date has offered full-head coverage with dense sensor packing, and existing systems - as with SQUID-MEG - require the subject to be sealed in a multilayer, passively-shielded vault in order to suppress ambient magnetic fields. Here we present Kernel Flux, which overcomes these limitations. Kernel Flux uses a collection of alkali vapor sensors in a unique array architecture to directly detect the magnetic fields generated by collective neural activity in the brain, while allowing for comfortable head motion. Each Kernel Flux OP-MEG system was designed from the ground up to work as an integrated system optimized around the user's experience, with relevance to natural home and office contexts.

AB - MEG based on optically-pumped magnetometry (OP-MEG) operates with miniaturized, wearable insulation, in contrast to massive cryogenic dewars for SQUID-MEG, and allows placement of the sensors close to the scalp. This allows more natural head motion during data recording and localized signal quality comparable to, or surpassing, SQUID-MEG. However no OP-MEG system to date has offered full-head coverage with dense sensor packing, and existing systems - as with SQUID-MEG - require the subject to be sealed in a multilayer, passively-shielded vault in order to suppress ambient magnetic fields. Here we present Kernel Flux, which overcomes these limitations. Kernel Flux uses a collection of alkali vapor sensors in a unique array architecture to directly detect the magnetic fields generated by collective neural activity in the brain, while allowing for comfortable head motion. Each Kernel Flux OP-MEG system was designed from the ground up to work as an integrated system optimized around the user's experience, with relevance to natural home and office contexts.

KW - Kernel

KW - Kernel Flux

KW - MEG

KW - OP-MEG

KW - OPM

KW - alkali vapor cell

KW - functional brain imaging

KW - magnetoencephalography

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85106763749&partnerID=8YFLogxK

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M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85106763749

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology

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Pratt EJ, Ledbetter M, Jiménez-Martínez R, Shapiro B, Solon A, Iwata GZ et al. Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. In Shahriar SM, Scheuer J, editors, Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology. SPIE. 2021. 1170032. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581794

Kernel Flux: A whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences

Abstract

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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