Light energy extraction from the minor surface arc of an electrically pumped elliptical microcavity laser

In this paper, the efficiency of extracting light energy from the minor surface arc of the elliptical microcavity laser is investigated for the first time using the dynamic thermal electron quantum medium finite-difference time-domain model. Light energy is extracted from the minor surface arc of the elliptical microcavity to a perpendicular waveguide. It is deduced from the field distribution that extraction efficiency of the TM polarization is higher due to wider transverse field profile. Optimum light energy is extracted when the waveguide is 0.342 μm away from the edge of the elliptical minor arc. Higher extraction efficiency is also obtained when the waveguide index is lower than the microcavity index. It is believed that this method of extracting light energy allows for smaller device size with higher power output for building photonic integrated circuit.