@article{12589604bc124c2d9bc7d42880ded024,
title = "Light-Responsive Colloidal Crystals Engineered with DNA",
abstract = "A novel method for synthesizing and photopatterning colloidal crystals via light-responsive DNA is developed. These crystals are composed of 10–30 nm gold nanoparticles interconnected with azobenzene-modified DNA strands. The photoisomerization of the azobenzene molecules leads to reversible assembly and disassembly of the base-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) crystalline nanoparticle lattices. In addition, UV light is used as a trigger to selectively remove nanoparticles on centimeter-scale thin films of colloidal crystals, allowing them to be photopatterned into preconceived shapes. The design of the azobenzene-modified linking DNA is critical and involves complementary strands, with azobenzene moieties deliberately staggered between the bases that define the complementary code. This results in a tunable wavelength-dependent melting temperature (Tm) window (4.5–15 °C) and one suitable for affecting the desired transformations. In addition to the isomeric state of the azobenzene groups, the size of the particles can be used to modulate the Tm window over which these structures are light-responsive.",
keywords = "DNA–nanoparticle superlattices, azobenzene, colloidal crystals, light-responsive materials, optical patterning",
author = "Jinghan Zhu and Haixin Lin and Youngeun Kim and Muwen Yang and Kacper Skakuj and Du, {Jingshan S.} and Byeongdu Lee and Schatz, {George C.} and {Van Duyne}, {Richard P.} and Mirkin, {Chad A.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge Dr. Katherine Bujold for helpful discussions, and Dr. Andrey Ivankin and Dr. William Hutson for assistance with photopatterning using the TERA-fab E-series instrument. This material is based upon work supported by the following awards: Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA9550-17-1-0348 (DNA-nanoparticle functionalization and assembly) and FA9550-18-1-0493 (patterning from colloidal crystals); Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship program sponsored by Basic Research Office of Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering and funded by Office of Naval Research N00014-15-1-0043 (DNA synthesis); Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences DE-SC0000989 (SEM characterization); Sherman Fairchild Foundation, Inc. (patterning experimental design); and National Cancer Institute of National Institutes of Health U54CA199091 (DNA purification). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work utilized the Northwestern University Micro/Nano Fabrication Facility (NUFAB), which was partially supported by the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205), the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1720139), the State of Illinois, and Northwestern University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1002/adma.201906600",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "32",
journal = "Advanced Materials",
issn = "0935-9648",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "8",
}