Abstract
Quantitative imaging biomarkers of liver disease measured by using MRI and US are emerging as important clinical tools in the management of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Because of their high accuracy and noninvasive nature, in many cases, these techniques have replaced liver biopsy for the diagnosis, quantitative staging, and treatment monitoring of patients with CLD. The most commonly evaluated imaging biomarkers are surrogates for liver fibrosis, fat, and iron. MR elastography is now routinely performed to evaluate for liver fibrosis and typically combined with MRI-based liver fat and iron quantification to exclude or grade hepatic steatosis and iron overload, respectively. US elastography is also widely performed to evaluate for liver fibrosis and has the advantage of lower equipment cost and greater availability compared with those of MRI. Emerging US fat quantification methods can be performed along with US elastography. The author group, consisting of members of the Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) Liver Fibrosis Disease-Focused Panel (DFP), the SAR Hepatic Iron Overload DFP, and the European Society of Radiology, review the basics of liver fibrosis, fat, and iron quantification with MRI and liver fibrosis and fat quantification with US. The authors cover technical requirements, typical case display, quality control and proper measurement technique and case interpretation guidelines, pitfalls, and confounding factors. The authors aim to provide a practical guide for radiologists interpreting these examinations.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | e220181 |
| Journal | Radiographics |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2023 |
Funding
Ultrasound; editor-in-chief of the Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine; member of QIBA; treasurer of the International Contrast Ultrasound Society. T.Y. Research grant from Siemens Healthineers. G.F. Honoraria for lectures from Canon Medical Systems, Fujifilm Medical Systems, Siemens Health-ineers; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Fujifilm Medical Systems, speaker for Philips Medical Systems; royalties from Elsevier; member of QIBA. J.R.D. Grants from Philips Healthcare, GE Healthcare, Perspectum, Motilent, Bracco. K.S.J. Grants from Bayer and GE Healthcare. F.M. Consultant for Bayer Health Care and Guerbet Medical Advisory Board; member of QIBA. A.P. Consultancy fees from Sanofi Genzyme, Ot-suka; research support to the University of Wisconsin from GE Healthcare and Bracco Diagnostics (unrelated to the current work). S.B.R. Ownership interests in Calimetrix, Reveal Pharmaceuticals, Cellectar Biosciences, Elucent Medical, HeartVista, and RevOps (unrelated to the current work); research support to the University of Wisconsin from GE Healthcare and Bracco Diagnostics (unrelated to the current work). B.T. Research support from Bayer, Takeda, Regeneron, Guerbet, Helio Health, Echosens, and Siemens; consultant for Bayer, Guerbet, and Ascelia. B.M.Y. Grants from and consultant and speaker for GE and Philips Medical Systems; founder of, shareholder in, member of the Board of Directors of Nextrast; consultant and speaker for Canon Medical; royalties from UCSF and Oxford University Press. S.K.V. Patent for system and method for generating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score using MR elastography (licensee, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research). Disclosures of conflicts of interest.—R.G.B. Equipment and research grants from Philips Ultrasound, Siemens Ultrasound, Mindray Ultrasound, Sam-sung Ultrasound, and Hologic Ultrasound; royalties from Thieme and El-sevier; payment for lectures from Philips Ultrasound, Siemens Ultrasound, Canon Ultrasound, Canon MRI, Mindray, Bracco Diagnostics, Samsung
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging