Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study

Thomas W. McDade; Amelia Sancilio; Richard D'Aquila; Brian Mustanski; Lauren A. Vaught; Nina L. Reiser; Matthew E. Velez; Ryan R. Hsieh; Daniel T. Ryan; Rana Saber; Elizabeth M. McNally; Alexis R. Demonbreun

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac055

Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study

Thomas W. McDade, Amelia Sancilio, Richard D'Aquila, Brian Mustanski, Lauren A. Vaught, Nina L. Reiser, Matthew E. Velez, Ryan R. Hsieh, Daniel T. Ryan, Rana Saber, Elizabeth M. McNally, Alexis R. Demonbreun

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Confidence in natural immunity after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is one reason for vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We measured antibody-mediated neutralization of spike protein-ACE2 receptor binding in a large community-based sample of seropositive individuals who differed in severity of infection (N = 790). Results: A total of 39.8% of infections were asymptomatic, 46.5% were symptomatic with no clinical care, 13.8% were symptomatic with clinical care, and 3.7% required hospitalization. Moderate/high neutralizing activity was present after 41.3% of clinically managed infections, in comparison with 7.9% of symptomatic and 1.9% of asymptomatic infections. Conclusions: Prior coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not guarantee a high level of antibody-mediated protection against reinfection in the general population.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	ofac055
Journal	Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Volume	9
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac055
State	Published - Mar 1 2022

Keywords

COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Serological testing
Vaccination
neutralizing antibodies

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Neurology
Oncology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1093/ofid/ofac055

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McDade, T. W., Sancilio, A., D'Aquila, R., Mustanski, B., Vaught, L. A., Reiser, N. L., Velez, M. E., Hsieh, R. R., Ryan, D. T., Saber, R., McNally, E. M., & Demonbreun, A. R. (2022). Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 9(3), [ofac055]. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac055

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title = "Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study",

abstract = "Background: Confidence in natural immunity after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is one reason for vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We measured antibody-mediated neutralization of spike protein-ACE2 receptor binding in a large community-based sample of seropositive individuals who differed in severity of infection (N = 790). Results: A total of 39.8% of infections were asymptomatic, 46.5% were symptomatic with no clinical care, 13.8% were symptomatic with clinical care, and 3.7% required hospitalization. Moderate/high neutralizing activity was present after 41.3% of clinically managed infections, in comparison with 7.9% of symptomatic and 1.9% of asymptomatic infections. Conclusions: Prior coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not guarantee a high level of antibody-mediated protection against reinfection in the general population.",

keywords = "COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Serological testing, Vaccination, neutralizing antibodies",

author = "McDade, {Thomas W.} and Amelia Sancilio and Richard D'Aquila and Brian Mustanski and Vaught, {Lauren A.} and Reiser, {Nina L.} and Velez, {Matthew E.} and Hsieh, {Ryan R.} and Ryan, {Daniel T.} and Rana Saber and McNally, {Elizabeth M.} and Demonbreun, {Alexis R.}",

note = "Funding Information: Tis work was funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant Number 2035114), National Institutes of Health (Grant Number 3UL1TR001422-06S4), and Northwestern University Ofce of Research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.",

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doi = "10.1093/ofid/ofac055",

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McDade, TW, Sancilio, A, D'Aquila, R , Mustanski, B, Vaught, LA, Reiser, NL, Velez, ME, Hsieh, RR, Ryan, DT, Saber, R, McNally, EM & Demonbreun, AR 2022, 'Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study', Open Forum Infectious Diseases, vol. 9, no. 3, ofac055. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac055

TY - JOUR

T1 - Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study

AU - McDade, Thomas W.

AU - Sancilio, Amelia

AU - D'Aquila, Richard

AU - Mustanski, Brian

AU - Vaught, Lauren A.

AU - Reiser, Nina L.

AU - Velez, Matthew E.

AU - Hsieh, Ryan R.

AU - Ryan, Daniel T.

AU - Saber, Rana

AU - McNally, Elizabeth M.

AU - Demonbreun, Alexis R.

N1 - Funding Information: Tis work was funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant Number 2035114), National Institutes of Health (Grant Number 3UL1TR001422-06S4), and Northwestern University Ofce of Research. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

PY - 2022/3/1

Y1 - 2022/3/1

N2 - Background: Confidence in natural immunity after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is one reason for vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We measured antibody-mediated neutralization of spike protein-ACE2 receptor binding in a large community-based sample of seropositive individuals who differed in severity of infection (N = 790). Results: A total of 39.8% of infections were asymptomatic, 46.5% were symptomatic with no clinical care, 13.8% were symptomatic with clinical care, and 3.7% required hospitalization. Moderate/high neutralizing activity was present after 41.3% of clinically managed infections, in comparison with 7.9% of symptomatic and 1.9% of asymptomatic infections. Conclusions: Prior coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not guarantee a high level of antibody-mediated protection against reinfection in the general population.

AB - Background: Confidence in natural immunity after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is one reason for vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We measured antibody-mediated neutralization of spike protein-ACE2 receptor binding in a large community-based sample of seropositive individuals who differed in severity of infection (N = 790). Results: A total of 39.8% of infections were asymptomatic, 46.5% were symptomatic with no clinical care, 13.8% were symptomatic with clinical care, and 3.7% required hospitalization. Moderate/high neutralizing activity was present after 41.3% of clinically managed infections, in comparison with 7.9% of symptomatic and 1.9% of asymptomatic infections. Conclusions: Prior coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not guarantee a high level of antibody-mediated protection against reinfection in the general population.

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Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community-Based Serological Study

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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