Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells

So Min Park; Mingyang Wei; Nikolaos Lempesis; Wenjin Yu; Tareq Hossain; Lorenzo Agosta; Virginia Carnevali; Harindi R. Atapattu; Peter Serles; Felix T. Eickemeyer; Heejong Shin; Maral Vafaie; Deokjae Choi; Kasra Darabi; Eui Dae Jung; Yi Yang; Da Bin Kim; Shaik M. Zakeeruddin; Bin Chen; Aram Amassian; Tobin Filleter; Mercouri G. Kanatzidis; Kenneth R. Graham; Lixin Xiao; Ursula Rothlisberger; Michael Grätzel; Edward H. Sargent

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7

Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells

So Min Park, Mingyang Wei, Nikolaos Lempesis, Wenjin Yu, Tareq Hossain, Lorenzo Agosta, Virginia Carnevali, Harindi R. Atapattu, Peter Serles, Felix T. Eickemeyer, Heejong Shin, Maral Vafaie, Deokjae Choi, Kasra Darabi, Eui Dae Jung, Yi Yang, Da Bin Kim, Shaik M. Zakeeruddin, Bin Chen, Aram AmassianTobin Filleter, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Kenneth R. Graham, Lixin Xiao, Ursula Rothlisberger, Michael Grätzel^*, Edward H. Sargent^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

248 Scopus citations

Abstract

Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts^1–3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses^4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley–Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	289-294
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nature
Volume	624
Issue number	7991
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7
State	Published - Dec 14 2023

Funding

This research was made possible by the US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research Grant (N00014-20-1-2572). This work was supported in part by Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence programme (ORF7-Ministry of Research and Innovation, Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence Round 7). This work was also supported under award number OSR-CRG2020-4350.2. M.W. acknowledges funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101026353. T.H., H.R.A. and K.R.G. gratefully acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation under award no. DMR-2102257. L.X. acknowledges support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 61935016, 52173153) and the Electron Microscopy Laboratory of Peking University for the use of electron microscopes. M.G.K. acknowledges support by the Office of Naval Research under award number N00014-20-1-2725. A.A. acknowledges support by the Office of Naval Research under award number N00014-20-1-2573. P.S. acknowledges the support of the Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. This work made use of the NUFAB and Keck-II facilities of Northwestern University\u2019s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the SHyNE Resource (NSF ECCS-2025633), the IIN and Northwestern\u2019s MRSEC programme (NSF DMR-1720139). We thank D. Kopilovic for providing the LED spectrum and J. Gao for assisting with the SEM measurements.

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Cite this

Park, S. M., Wei, M., Lempesis, N., Yu, W., Hossain, T., Agosta, L., Carnevali, V., Atapattu, H. R., Serles, P., Eickemeyer, F. T., Shin, H., Vafaie, M., Choi, D., Darabi, K., Jung, E. D., Yang, Y., Kim, D. B., Zakeeruddin, S. M., Chen, B., ... Sargent, E. H. (2023). Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells. Nature, 624(7991), 289-294. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7

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title = "Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells",

abstract = "Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts1–3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley–Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.",

author = "Park, {So Min} and Mingyang Wei and Nikolaos Lempesis and Wenjin Yu and Tareq Hossain and Lorenzo Agosta and Virginia Carnevali and Atapattu, {Harindi R.} and Peter Serles and Eickemeyer, {Felix T.} and Heejong Shin and Maral Vafaie and Deokjae Choi and Kasra Darabi and Jung, {Eui Dae} and Yi Yang and Kim, {Da Bin} and Zakeeruddin, {Shaik M.} and Bin Chen and Aram Amassian and Tobin Filleter and Kanatzidis, {Mercouri G.} and Graham, {Kenneth R.} and Lixin Xiao and Ursula Rothlisberger and Michael Gr{\"a}tzel and Sargent, {Edward H.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.",

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Park, SM, Wei, M, Lempesis, N, Yu, W, Hossain, T, Agosta, L, Carnevali, V, Atapattu, HR, Serles, P, Eickemeyer, FT, Shin, H, Vafaie, M, Choi, D, Darabi, K, Jung, ED, Yang, Y, Kim, DB, Zakeeruddin, SM, Chen, B, Amassian, A, Filleter, T, Kanatzidis, MG, Graham, KR, Xiao, L, Rothlisberger, U, Grätzel, M & Sargent, EH 2023, 'Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells', Nature, vol. 624, no. 7991, pp. 289-294. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7

TY - JOUR

T1 - Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells

AU - Park, So Min

AU - Wei, Mingyang

AU - Lempesis, Nikolaos

AU - Yu, Wenjin

AU - Hossain, Tareq

AU - Agosta, Lorenzo

AU - Carnevali, Virginia

AU - Atapattu, Harindi R.

AU - Serles, Peter

AU - Eickemeyer, Felix T.

AU - Shin, Heejong

AU - Vafaie, Maral

AU - Choi, Deokjae

AU - Darabi, Kasra

AU - Jung, Eui Dae

AU - Yang, Yi

AU - Kim, Da Bin

AU - Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.

AU - Chen, Bin

AU - Amassian, Aram

AU - Filleter, Tobin

AU - Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.

AU - Graham, Kenneth R.

AU - Xiao, Lixin

AU - Rothlisberger, Ursula

AU - Grätzel, Michael

AU - Sargent, Edward H.

PY - 2023/12/14

Y1 - 2023/12/14

N2 - Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts1–3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley–Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.

AB - Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts1–3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley–Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.

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Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells

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