TY - JOUR
T1 - Lung injury combined with loss of regulatory T cells leads to de novo lung-restricted autoimmunity
AU - Chiu, Stephen
AU - Fernandez, Ramiro
AU - Subramanian, Vijay
AU - Sun, Haiying
AU - DeCamp, Malcolm M.
AU - Kreisel, Daniel
AU - Perlman, Harris
AU - Budinger, G. R.Scott
AU - Mohanakumar, Thalachallour
AU - Bharat, Ankit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2016 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/7/1
Y1 - 2016/7/1
N2 - More than one third of patients with chronic lung disease undergoing lung transplantation have pre-existing Abs against lungrestricted self-Ags, collagen type V (ColV), and k-a1 tubulin (KAT). These Abs can also develop de novo after lung transplantation and mediate allograft rejection. However, the mechanisms leading to lung-restricted autoimmunity remain unknown. Because these self-Ags are normally sequestered, tissue injury is required to expose them to the immune system.We previously showed that respiratory viruses can induce apoptosis in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), the key mediators of self-tolerance. Therefore, we hypothesized that lung-tissue injury can lead to lung-restricted immunity if it occurs in a setting when Tregs are impaired.We found that human lung recipients who suffer respiratory viral infections experienced a decrease in peripheral Tregs. Pre-existing lung allograft injury from donor-directed Abs or gastroesophageal reflux led to new ColV and KATAbs post respiratory viral infection. Similarly, murine parainfluenza (Sendai) respiratory viral infection caused a decrease in Tregs. Intratracheal instillation of anti-MHC class I Abs, but not isotype control, followed by murine Sendai virus infection led to development of Abs against ColV and KAT, but not collagen type II (ColII), a cartilaginous protein. This was associated with expansion of IFN-g-producing CD4+ T cells specific to ColVand KAT, but not ColII. Intratracheal anti-MHC class I Abs or hydrochloric acid in Foxp3-DTR mice induced ColV and KAT, but not ColII, immunity, only if Tregs were depleted using diphtheria toxin.We conclude that tissue injury combined with loss of Tregs can lead to lung-tissue-restricted immunity.
AB - More than one third of patients with chronic lung disease undergoing lung transplantation have pre-existing Abs against lungrestricted self-Ags, collagen type V (ColV), and k-a1 tubulin (KAT). These Abs can also develop de novo after lung transplantation and mediate allograft rejection. However, the mechanisms leading to lung-restricted autoimmunity remain unknown. Because these self-Ags are normally sequestered, tissue injury is required to expose them to the immune system.We previously showed that respiratory viruses can induce apoptosis in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), the key mediators of self-tolerance. Therefore, we hypothesized that lung-tissue injury can lead to lung-restricted immunity if it occurs in a setting when Tregs are impaired.We found that human lung recipients who suffer respiratory viral infections experienced a decrease in peripheral Tregs. Pre-existing lung allograft injury from donor-directed Abs or gastroesophageal reflux led to new ColV and KATAbs post respiratory viral infection. Similarly, murine parainfluenza (Sendai) respiratory viral infection caused a decrease in Tregs. Intratracheal instillation of anti-MHC class I Abs, but not isotype control, followed by murine Sendai virus infection led to development of Abs against ColV and KAT, but not collagen type II (ColII), a cartilaginous protein. This was associated with expansion of IFN-g-producing CD4+ T cells specific to ColVand KAT, but not ColII. Intratracheal anti-MHC class I Abs or hydrochloric acid in Foxp3-DTR mice induced ColV and KAT, but not ColII, immunity, only if Tregs were depleted using diphtheria toxin.We conclude that tissue injury combined with loss of Tregs can lead to lung-tissue-restricted immunity.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84975271181&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84975271181&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4049/jimmunol.1502539
DO - 10.4049/jimmunol.1502539
M3 - Article
C2 - 27194786
AN - SCOPUS:84975271181
VL - 197
SP - 51
EP - 57
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
SN - 0022-1767
IS - 1
ER -