Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process

Holly Foster; John Hagan

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.01.008

Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process

Holly Foster^*, John Hagan

^*Corresponding author for this work

Sociology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

91 Scopus citations

Abstract

Parental incarceration is now prevalent in community samples (e.g., with 11% of children reporting paternal imprisonment and 3% reporting maternal imprisonment in a national sample), pointing to a potentially important childhood trauma that should be included in work on contemporary childhood stressors in this era of mass incarceration. This paper investigates the influences of maternal and paternal imprisonment on changes in young adult mental health using a nationally representative sample. We assess four perspectives-gendered loss, same-sex role model, intergenerational stress, and maternal salience - on the joint influences of maternal and paternal incarceration within the broader stress process paradigm. The results generalize support for a gendered loss perspective developed in work on parental death and an early small study of parental incarceration. This pattern reveals maternal incarceration increases depressive symptoms while paternal incarceration increases substance role problems. Chronicity of parental imprisonment and its timing are also influential. Analyses further specify a vulnerability of male and minority young adults to high levels of mental health problems following maternal and paternal incarceration in adolescence.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	650-669
Number of pages	20
Journal	Social Science Research
Volume	42
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.01.008
State	Published - May 2013

Funding

We appreciate very much the research support provided for this research by the National Science Foundation Grant SES-1228345. The AHAA study was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development under grants 01 HD40428-02 to the Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin; Chandra Muller (PI) and from the National Science Foundation under grant REC-0126167 to the Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin; Chandra Muller and Pedro Reyes (Co-PI). Additionally, this research uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris and designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and funded by grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R. Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Opinions reflect those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the granting agencies. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website ( http://www.cpc.unc.edu/addhealth ). No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis.

Keywords

Gender
Mental health
Parental incarceration
Stress process
Young adulthood

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Education
Sociology and Political Science

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10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.01.008

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title = "Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process",

abstract = "Parental incarceration is now prevalent in community samples (e.g., with 11\% of children reporting paternal imprisonment and 3\% reporting maternal imprisonment in a national sample), pointing to a potentially important childhood trauma that should be included in work on contemporary childhood stressors in this era of mass incarceration. This paper investigates the influences of maternal and paternal imprisonment on changes in young adult mental health using a nationally representative sample. We assess four perspectives-gendered loss, same-sex role model, intergenerational stress, and maternal salience - on the joint influences of maternal and paternal incarceration within the broader stress process paradigm. The results generalize support for a gendered loss perspective developed in work on parental death and an early small study of parental incarceration. This pattern reveals maternal incarceration increases depressive symptoms while paternal incarceration increases substance role problems. Chronicity of parental imprisonment and its timing are also influential. Analyses further specify a vulnerability of male and minority young adults to high levels of mental health problems following maternal and paternal incarceration in adolescence.",

keywords = "Gender, Mental health, Parental incarceration, Stress process, Young adulthood",

author = "Holly Foster and John Hagan",

note = "Funding Information: We appreciate very much the research support provided for this research by the National Science Foundation Grant SES-1228345. The AHAA study was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development under grants 01 HD40428-02 to the Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin; Chandra Muller (PI) and from the National Science Foundation under grant REC-0126167 to the Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin; Chandra Muller and Pedro Reyes (Co-PI). Additionally, this research uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris and designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and funded by grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R. Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Opinions reflect those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the granting agencies. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website ( http://www.cpc.unc.edu/addhealth ). No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. ",

year = "2013",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.01.008",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "42",

pages = "650--669",

journal = "Social Science Research",

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AU - Hagan, John

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PY - 2013/5

Y1 - 2013/5

N2 - Parental incarceration is now prevalent in community samples (e.g., with 11% of children reporting paternal imprisonment and 3% reporting maternal imprisonment in a national sample), pointing to a potentially important childhood trauma that should be included in work on contemporary childhood stressors in this era of mass incarceration. This paper investigates the influences of maternal and paternal imprisonment on changes in young adult mental health using a nationally representative sample. We assess four perspectives-gendered loss, same-sex role model, intergenerational stress, and maternal salience - on the joint influences of maternal and paternal incarceration within the broader stress process paradigm. The results generalize support for a gendered loss perspective developed in work on parental death and an early small study of parental incarceration. This pattern reveals maternal incarceration increases depressive symptoms while paternal incarceration increases substance role problems. Chronicity of parental imprisonment and its timing are also influential. Analyses further specify a vulnerability of male and minority young adults to high levels of mental health problems following maternal and paternal incarceration in adolescence.

AB - Parental incarceration is now prevalent in community samples (e.g., with 11% of children reporting paternal imprisonment and 3% reporting maternal imprisonment in a national sample), pointing to a potentially important childhood trauma that should be included in work on contemporary childhood stressors in this era of mass incarceration. This paper investigates the influences of maternal and paternal imprisonment on changes in young adult mental health using a nationally representative sample. We assess four perspectives-gendered loss, same-sex role model, intergenerational stress, and maternal salience - on the joint influences of maternal and paternal incarceration within the broader stress process paradigm. The results generalize support for a gendered loss perspective developed in work on parental death and an early small study of parental incarceration. This pattern reveals maternal incarceration increases depressive symptoms while paternal incarceration increases substance role problems. Chronicity of parental imprisonment and its timing are also influential. Analyses further specify a vulnerability of male and minority young adults to high levels of mental health problems following maternal and paternal incarceration in adolescence.

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Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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