Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

D. S. Akerib; C. W. Akerlof; S. K. Alsum; N. Angelides; H. M. Araújo; J. E. Armstrong; M. Arthurs; X. Bai; J. Balajthy; S. Balashov; A. Baxter; E. P. Bernard; A. Biekert; T. P. Biesiadzinski; K. E. Boast; B. Boxer; P. Brás; J. H. Buckley; V. V. Bugaev; S. Burdin; J. K. Busenitz; C. Carels; D. L. Carlsmith; M. C. Carmona-Benitez; M. Cascella; C. Chan; A. Cole; A. Cottle; J. E. Cutter; C. E. Dahl; L. de Viveiros; J. E.Y. Dobson; E. Druszkiewicz; T. K. Edberg; A. Fan; S. Fiorucci; H. Flaecher; T. Fruth; R. J. Gaitskell; J. Genovesi; C. Ghag; M. G.D. Gilchriese; S. Gokhale; M. G.D. van der Grinten; C. R. Hall; S. Hans; J. Harrison; S. J. Haselschwardt; S. A. Hertel; J. Y.K. Hor; M. Horn; D. Q. Huang; C. M. Ignarra; O. Jahangir; W. Ji; J. Johnson; A. C. Kaboth; K. Kamdin; D. Khaitan; A. Khazov; W. T. Kim; C. D. Kocher; L. Korley; E. V. Korolkova; J. Kras; H. Kraus; S. W. Kravitz; L. Kreczko; B. Krikler; V. A. Kudryavtsev; E. A. Leason; J. Lee; D. S. Leonard; K. T. Lesko; C. Levy; J. Li; J. Liao; F. T. Liao; J. Lin; A. Lindote; R. Linehan; W. H. Lippincott; R. Liu; X. Liu; C. Loniewski; M. I. Lopes; B. López Paredes; W. Lorenzon; S. Luitz; J. M. Lyle; P. A. Majewski; A. Manalaysay; L. Manenti; R. L. Mannino; N. Marangou; M. F. Marzioni; D. N. McKinsey; J. McLaughlin; Y. Meng; E. H. Miller; M. E. Monzani; J. A. Morad; E. Morrison; B. J. Mount; A. St J. Murphy; D. Naim; A. Naylor; C. Nedlik; C. Nehrkorn; H. N. Nelson; F. Neves; J. Nikoleyczik; A. Nilima; I. Olcina; K. C. Oliver-Mallory; S. Pal; K. J. Palladino; E. K. Pease; B. P. Penning; G. Pereira; A. Piepke; K. Pushkin; J. Reichenbacher; C. A. Rhyne; Q. Riffard; G. R.C. Rischbieter; J. P. Rodrigues; R. Rosero; P. Rossiter; G. Rutherford; A. B.M.R. Sazzad; R. W. Schnee; M. Schubnell; P. R. Scovell; D. Seymour; S. Shaw; T. A. Shutt; J. J. Silk; C. Silva; M. Solmaz; V. N. Solovov; P. Sorensen; I. Stancu; A. Stevens; T. M. Stiegler; K. Stifter; M. Szydagis; W. C. Taylor; R. Taylor; D. Temples; P. A. Terman; D. R. Tiedt; M. Timalsina; A. Tomás; M. Tripathi; L. Tvrznikova; U. Utku; S. Uvarov; A. Vacheret; J. J. Wang; J. R. Watson; R. C. Webb; R. G. White; T. J. Whitis; F. L.H. Wolfs; D. Woodward; J. Yin

Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

D. S. Akerib, C. W. Akerlof, S. K. Alsum, N. Angelides, H. M. Araújo, J. E. Armstrong, M. Arthurs, X. Bai, J. Balajthy, S. Balashov, A. Baxter, E. P. Bernard, A. Biekert, T. P. Biesiadzinski, K. E. Boast, B. Boxer, P. Brás, J. H. Buckley, V. V. Bugaev, S. BurdinJ. K. Busenitz, C. Carels, D. L. Carlsmith, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, M. Cascella, C. Chan, A. Cole, A. Cottle, J. E. Cutter, C. E. Dahl, L. de Viveiros, J. E.Y. Dobson, E. Druszkiewicz, T. K. Edberg, A. Fan, S. Fiorucci, H. Flaecher, T. Fruth, R. J. Gaitskell, J. Genovesi, C. Ghag, M. G.D. Gilchriese, S. Gokhale, M. G.D. van der Grinten, C. R. Hall, S. Hans, J. Harrison, S. J. Haselschwardt, S. A. Hertel, J. Y.K. Hor, M. Horn, D. Q. Huang, C. M. Ignarra, O. Jahangir, W. Ji, J. Johnson, A. C. Kaboth, K. Kamdin, D. Khaitan, A. Khazov, W. T. Kim, C. D. Kocher, L. Korley, E. V. Korolkova, J. Kras, H. Kraus, S. W. Kravitz, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, V. A. Kudryavtsev, E. A. Leason, J. Lee, D. S. Leonard, K. T. Lesko, C. Levy, J. Li, J. Liao, F. T. Liao, J. Lin, A. Lindote, R. Linehan, W. H. Lippincott, R. Liu, X. Liu, C. Loniewski, M. I. Lopes, B. López Paredes, W. Lorenzon, S. Luitz, J. M. Lyle, P. A. Majewski, A. Manalaysay, L. Manenti, R. L. Mannino, N. Marangou, M. F. Marzioni, D. N. McKinsey, J. McLaughlin, Y. Meng, E. H. Miller, M. E. Monzani, J. A. Morad, E. Morrison, B. J. Mount, A. St J. Murphy, D. Naim, A. Naylor, C. Nedlik, C. Nehrkorn, H. N. Nelson, F. Neves, J. Nikoleyczik, A. Nilima, I. Olcina, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, S. Pal, K. J. Palladino, E. K. Pease, B. P. Penning, G. Pereira, A. Piepke, K. Pushkin, J. Reichenbacher, C. A. Rhyne, Q. Riffard, G. R.C. Rischbieter, J. P. Rodrigues, R. Rosero, P. Rossiter, G. Rutherford, A. B.M.R. Sazzad, R. W. Schnee, M. Schubnell, P. R. Scovell, D. Seymour, S. Shaw, T. A. Shutt, J. J. Silk, C. Silva, M. Solmaz, V. N. Solovov, P. Sorensen, I. Stancu, A. Stevens, T. M. Stiegler, K. Stifter, M. Szydagis, W. C. Taylor, R. Taylor, D. Temples, P. A. Terman, D. R. Tiedt, M. Timalsina, A. Tomás, M. Tripathi, L. Tvrznikova, U. Utku, S. Uvarov, A. Vacheret, J. J. Wang, J. R. Watson, R. C. Webb, R. G. White, T. J. Whitis, F. L.H. Wolfs, D. Woodward, J. Yin

Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from γ-rays emitted by ⁴⁰K and the ²³⁸U and ²³²Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4,850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ γ-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0–3300 keV) varied from 596 Hz to 1355 Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux from the cavern walls of 1.9 ± 0.4 γ cm⁻²s⁻¹. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as 220 ± 60 Bq/kg of ⁴⁰K, 29 ± 15 Bq/kg of ²³⁸U, and 13 ± 3 Bq/kg of ²³²Th.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	Unknown Journal
State	Published - Apr 3 2019

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Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Alsum, S. K., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Bai, X., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Baxter, A., Bernard, E. P., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boast, K. E., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., ... Yin, J. (2019). Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. Unknown Journal.

Akerib, D. S. ; Akerlof, C. W. ; Alsum, S. K. ; Angelides, N. ; Araújo, H. M. ; Armstrong, J. E. ; Arthurs, M. ; Bai, X. ; Balajthy, J. ; Balashov, S. ; Baxter, A. ; Bernard, E. P. ; Biekert, A. ; Biesiadzinski, T. P. ; Boast, K. E. ; Boxer, B. ; Brás, P. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. V. ; Burdin, S. ; Busenitz, J. K. ; Carels, C. ; Carlsmith, D. L. ; Carmona-Benitez, M. C. ; Cascella, M. ; Chan, C. ; Cole, A. ; Cottle, A. ; Cutter, J. E. ; Dahl, C. E. ; de Viveiros, L. ; Dobson, J. E.Y. ; Druszkiewicz, E. ; Edberg, T. K. ; Fan, A. ; Fiorucci, S. ; Flaecher, H. ; Fruth, T. ; Gaitskell, R. J. ; Genovesi, J. ; Ghag, C. ; Gilchriese, M. G.D. ; Gokhale, S. ; van der Grinten, M. G.D. ; Hall, C. R. ; Hans, S. ; Harrison, J. ; Haselschwardt, S. J. ; Hertel, S. A. ; Hor, J. Y.K. ; Horn, M. ; Huang, D. Q. ; Ignarra, C. M. ; Jahangir, O. ; Ji, W. ; Johnson, J. ; Kaboth, A. C. ; Kamdin, K. ; Khaitan, D. ; Khazov, A. ; Kim, W. T. ; Kocher, C. D. ; Korley, L. ; Korolkova, E. V. ; Kras, J. ; Kraus, H. ; Kravitz, S. W. ; Kreczko, L. ; Krikler, B. ; Kudryavtsev, V. A. ; Leason, E. A. ; Lee, J. ; Leonard, D. S. ; Lesko, K. T. ; Levy, C. ; Li, J. ; Liao, J. ; Liao, F. T. ; Lin, J. ; Lindote, A. ; Linehan, R. ; Lippincott, W. H. ; Liu, R. ; Liu, X. ; Loniewski, C. ; Lopes, M. I. ; López Paredes, B. ; Lorenzon, W. ; Luitz, S. ; Lyle, J. M. ; Majewski, P. A. ; Manalaysay, A. ; Manenti, L. ; Mannino, R. L. ; Marangou, N. ; Marzioni, M. F. ; McKinsey, D. N. ; McLaughlin, J. ; Meng, Y. ; Miller, E. H. ; Monzani, M. E. ; Morad, J. A. ; Morrison, E. ; Mount, B. J. ; Murphy, A. St J. ; Naim, D. ; Naylor, A. ; Nedlik, C. ; Nehrkorn, C. ; Nelson, H. N. ; Neves, F. ; Nikoleyczik, J. ; Nilima, A. ; Olcina, I. ; Oliver-Mallory, K. C. ; Pal, S. ; Palladino, K. J. ; Pease, E. K. ; Penning, B. P. ; Pereira, G. ; Piepke, A. ; Pushkin, K. ; Reichenbacher, J. ; Rhyne, C. A. ; Riffard, Q. ; Rischbieter, G. R.C. ; Rodrigues, J. P. ; Rosero, R. ; Rossiter, P. ; Rutherford, G. ; Sazzad, A. B.M.R. ; Schnee, R. W. ; Schubnell, M. ; Scovell, P. R. ; Seymour, D. ; Shaw, S. ; Shutt, T. A. ; Silk, J. J. ; Silva, C. ; Solmaz, M. ; Solovov, V. N. ; Sorensen, P. ; Stancu, I. ; Stevens, A. ; Stiegler, T. M. ; Stifter, K. ; Szydagis, M. ; Taylor, W. C. ; Taylor, R. ; Temples, D. ; Terman, P. A. ; Tiedt, D. R. ; Timalsina, M. ; Tomás, A. ; Tripathi, M. ; Tvrznikova, L. ; Utku, U. ; Uvarov, S. ; Vacheret, A. ; Wang, J. J. ; Watson, J. R. ; Webb, R. C. ; White, R. G. ; Whitis, T. J. ; Wolfs, F. L.H. ; Woodward, D. ; Yin, J. / Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. In: Unknown Journal. 2019.

@article{2228f5d55261471e9877934db584a1a1,

title = "Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility",

abstract = "Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from γ-rays emitted by 40K and the 238U and 232Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4,850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ γ-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0–3300 keV) varied from 596 Hz to 1355 Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux from the cavern walls of 1.9 ± 0.4 γ cm−2s−1. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as 220 ± 60 Bq/kg of 40K, 29 ± 15 Bq/kg of 238U, and 13 ± 3 Bq/kg of 232Th.",

author = "Akerib, {D. S.} and Akerlof, {C. W.} and Alsum, {S. K.} and N. Angelides and Ara{\'u}jo, {H. M.} and Armstrong, {J. E.} and M. Arthurs and X. Bai and J. Balajthy and S. Balashov and A. Baxter and Bernard, {E. P.} and A. Biekert and Biesiadzinski, {T. P.} and Boast, {K. E.} and B. Boxer and P. Br{\'a}s and Buckley, {J. H.} and Bugaev, {V. V.} and S. Burdin and Busenitz, {J. K.} and C. Carels and Carlsmith, {D. L.} and Carmona-Benitez, {M. C.} and M. Cascella and C. Chan and A. Cole and A. Cottle and Cutter, {J. E.} and Dahl, {C. E.} and {de Viveiros}, L. and Dobson, {J. E.Y.} and E. Druszkiewicz and Edberg, {T. K.} and A. Fan and S. Fiorucci and H. Flaecher and T. Fruth and Gaitskell, {R. J.} and J. Genovesi and C. Ghag and Gilchriese, {M. G.D.} and S. Gokhale and {van der Grinten}, {M. G.D.} and Hall, {C. R.} and S. Hans and J. Harrison and Haselschwardt, {S. J.} and Hertel, {S. A.} and Hor, {J. Y.K.} and M. Horn and Huang, {D. Q.} and Ignarra, {C. M.} and O. Jahangir and W. Ji and J. Johnson and Kaboth, {A. C.} and K. Kamdin and D. Khaitan and A. Khazov and Kim, {W. T.} and Kocher, {C. D.} and L. Korley and Korolkova, {E. V.} and J. Kras and H. Kraus and Kravitz, {S. W.} and L. Kreczko and B. Krikler and Kudryavtsev, {V. A.} and Leason, {E. A.} and J. Lee and Leonard, {D. S.} and Lesko, {K. T.} and C. Levy and J. Li and J. Liao and Liao, {F. T.} and J. Lin and A. Lindote and R. Linehan and Lippincott, {W. H.} and R. Liu and X. Liu and C. Loniewski and Lopes, {M. I.} and {L{\'o}pez Paredes}, B. and W. Lorenzon and S. Luitz and Lyle, {J. M.} and Majewski, {P. A.} and A. Manalaysay and L. Manenti and Mannino, {R. L.} and N. Marangou and Marzioni, {M. F.} and McKinsey, {D. N.} and J. McLaughlin and Y. Meng and Miller, {E. H.} and Monzani, {M. E.} and Morad, {J. A.} and E. Morrison and Mount, {B. J.} and Murphy, {A. St J.} and D. Naim and A. Naylor and C. Nedlik and C. Nehrkorn and Nelson, {H. N.} and F. Neves and J. Nikoleyczik and A. Nilima and I. Olcina and Oliver-Mallory, {K. C.} and S. Pal and Palladino, {K. J.} and Pease, {E. K.} and Penning, {B. P.} and G. Pereira and A. Piepke and K. Pushkin and J. Reichenbacher and Rhyne, {C. A.} and Q. Riffard and Rischbieter, {G. R.C.} and Rodrigues, {J. P.} and R. Rosero and P. Rossiter and G. Rutherford and Sazzad, {A. B.M.R.} and Schnee, {R. W.} and M. Schubnell and Scovell, {P. R.} and D. Seymour and S. Shaw and Shutt, {T. A.} and Silk, {J. J.} and C. Silva and M. Solmaz and Solovov, {V. N.} and P. Sorensen and I. Stancu and A. Stevens and Stiegler, {T. M.} and K. Stifter and M. Szydagis and Taylor, {W. C.} and R. Taylor and D. Temples and Terman, {P. A.} and Tiedt, {D. R.} and M. Timalsina and A. Tom{\'a}s and M. Tripathi and L. Tvrznikova and U. Utku and S. Uvarov and A. Vacheret and Wang, {J. J.} and Watson, {J. R.} and Webb, {R. C.} and White, {R. G.} and Whitis, {T. J.} and Wolfs, {F. L.H.} and D. Woodward and J. Yin",

year = "2019",

month = apr,

day = "3",

language = "English (US)",

journal = "Free Radical Biology and Medicine",

issn = "0891-5849",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

}

Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Alsum, SK, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boast, KE, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Cole, A, Cottle, A, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Hans, S, Harrison, J, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hor, JYK, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamdin, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Kim, WT, Kocher, CD, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kras, J, Kraus, H, Kravitz, SW, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Liao, FT, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, R, Liu, X, Loniewski, C, Lopes, MI, López Paredes, B, Lorenzon, W, Luitz, S, Lyle, JM, Majewski, PA, Manalaysay, A, Manenti, L, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, McLaughlin, J, Meng, Y, Miller, EH, Monzani, ME, Morad, JA, Morrison, E, Mount, BJ, Murphy, ASJ, Naim, D, Naylor, A, Nedlik, C, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nikoleyczik, J, Nilima, A, Olcina, I, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Pal, S, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Penning, BP, Pereira, G, Piepke, A, Pushkin, K, Reichenbacher, J, Rhyne, CA, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rodrigues, JP, Rosero, R, Rossiter, P, Rutherford, G, Sazzad, ABMR, Schnee, RW, Schubnell, M, Scovell, PR, Seymour, D, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silk, JJ, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stancu, I, Stevens, A, Stiegler, TM, Stifter, K, Szydagis, M, Taylor, WC, Taylor, R, Temples, D, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, Timalsina, M, Tomás, A, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Wang, JJ, Watson, JR, Webb, RC, White, RG, Whitis, TJ, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D & Yin, J 2019, 'Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility', Unknown Journal.

Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. / Akerib, D. S.; Akerlof, C. W.; Alsum, S. K.; Angelides, N.; Araújo, H. M.; Armstrong, J. E.; Arthurs, M.; Bai, X.; Balajthy, J.; Balashov, S.; Baxter, A.; Bernard, E. P.; Biekert, A.; Biesiadzinski, T. P.; Boast, K. E.; Boxer, B.; Brás, P.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V. V.; Burdin, S.; Busenitz, J. K.; Carels, C.; Carlsmith, D. L.; Carmona-Benitez, M. C.; Cascella, M.; Chan, C.; Cole, A.; Cottle, A.; Cutter, J. E.; Dahl, C. E.; de Viveiros, L.; Dobson, J. E.Y.; Druszkiewicz, E.; Edberg, T. K.; Fan, A.; Fiorucci, S.; Flaecher, H.; Fruth, T.; Gaitskell, R. J.; Genovesi, J.; Ghag, C.; Gilchriese, M. G.D.; Gokhale, S.; van der Grinten, M. G.D.; Hall, C. R.; Hans, S.; Harrison, J.; Haselschwardt, S. J.; Hertel, S. A.; Hor, J. Y.K.; Horn, M.; Huang, D. Q.; Ignarra, C. M.; Jahangir, O.; Ji, W.; Johnson, J.; Kaboth, A. C.; Kamdin, K.; Khaitan, D.; Khazov, A.; Kim, W. T.; Kocher, C. D.; Korley, L.; Korolkova, E. V.; Kras, J.; Kraus, H.; Kravitz, S. W.; Kreczko, L.; Krikler, B.; Kudryavtsev, V. A.; Leason, E. A.; Lee, J.; Leonard, D. S.; Lesko, K. T.; Levy, C.; Li, J.; Liao, J.; Liao, F. T.; Lin, J.; Lindote, A.; Linehan, R.; Lippincott, W. H.; Liu, R.; Liu, X.; Loniewski, C.; Lopes, M. I.; López Paredes, B.; Lorenzon, W.; Luitz, S.; Lyle, J. M.; Majewski, P. A.; Manalaysay, A.; Manenti, L.; Mannino, R. L.; Marangou, N.; Marzioni, M. F.; McKinsey, D. N.; McLaughlin, J.; Meng, Y.; Miller, E. H.; Monzani, M. E.; Morad, J. A.; Morrison, E.; Mount, B. J.; Murphy, A. St J.; Naim, D.; Naylor, A.; Nedlik, C.; Nehrkorn, C.; Nelson, H. N.; Neves, F.; Nikoleyczik, J.; Nilima, A.; Olcina, I.; Oliver-Mallory, K. C.; Pal, S.; Palladino, K. J.; Pease, E. K.; Penning, B. P.; Pereira, G.; Piepke, A.; Pushkin, K.; Reichenbacher, J.; Rhyne, C. A.; Riffard, Q.; Rischbieter, G. R.C.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Rosero, R.; Rossiter, P.; Rutherford, G.; Sazzad, A. B.M.R.; Schnee, R. W.; Schubnell, M.; Scovell, P. R.; Seymour, D.; Shaw, S.; Shutt, T. A.; Silk, J. J.; Silva, C.; Solmaz, M.; Solovov, V. N.; Sorensen, P.; Stancu, I.; Stevens, A.; Stiegler, T. M.; Stifter, K.; Szydagis, M.; Taylor, W. C.; Taylor, R.; Temples, D.; Terman, P. A.; Tiedt, D. R.; Timalsina, M.; Tomás, A.; Tripathi, M.; Tvrznikova, L.; Utku, U.; Uvarov, S.; Vacheret, A.; Wang, J. J.; Watson, J. R.; Webb, R. C.; White, R. G.; Whitis, T. J.; Wolfs, F. L.H.; Woodward, D.; Yin, J.

In: Unknown Journal, 03.04.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

AU - Akerib, D. S.

AU - Akerlof, C. W.

AU - Alsum, S. K.

AU - Angelides, N.

AU - Araújo, H. M.

AU - Armstrong, J. E.

AU - Arthurs, M.

AU - Bai, X.

AU - Balajthy, J.

AU - Balashov, S.

AU - Baxter, A.

AU - Bernard, E. P.

AU - Biekert, A.

AU - Biesiadzinski, T. P.

AU - Boast, K. E.

AU - Boxer, B.

AU - Brás, P.

AU - Buckley, J. H.

AU - Bugaev, V. V.

AU - Burdin, S.

AU - Busenitz, J. K.

AU - Carels, C.

AU - Carlsmith, D. L.

AU - Carmona-Benitez, M. C.

AU - Cascella, M.

AU - Chan, C.

AU - Cole, A.

AU - Cottle, A.

AU - Cutter, J. E.

AU - Dahl, C. E.

AU - de Viveiros, L.

AU - Dobson, J. E.Y.

AU - Druszkiewicz, E.

AU - Edberg, T. K.

AU - Fan, A.

AU - Fiorucci, S.

AU - Flaecher, H.

AU - Fruth, T.

AU - Gaitskell, R. J.

AU - Genovesi, J.

AU - Ghag, C.

AU - Gilchriese, M. G.D.

AU - Gokhale, S.

AU - van der Grinten, M. G.D.

AU - Hall, C. R.

AU - Hans, S.

AU - Harrison, J.

AU - Haselschwardt, S. J.

AU - Hertel, S. A.

AU - Hor, J. Y.K.

AU - Horn, M.

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AU - Yin, J.

PY - 2019/4/3

Y1 - 2019/4/3

N2 - Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from γ-rays emitted by 40K and the 238U and 232Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4,850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ γ-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0–3300 keV) varied from 596 Hz to 1355 Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux from the cavern walls of 1.9 ± 0.4 γ cm−2s−1. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as 220 ± 60 Bq/kg of 40K, 29 ± 15 Bq/kg of 238U, and 13 ± 3 Bq/kg of 232Th.

AB - Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from γ-rays emitted by 40K and the 238U and 232Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4,850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ γ-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0–3300 keV) varied from 596 Hz to 1355 Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux from the cavern walls of 1.9 ± 0.4 γ cm−2s−1. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as 220 ± 60 Bq/kg of 40K, 29 ± 15 Bq/kg of 238U, and 13 ± 3 Bq/kg of 232Th.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094783007&partnerID=8YFLogxK

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M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85094783007

JO - Free Radical Biology and Medicine

JF - Free Radical Biology and Medicine

SN - 0891-5849

ER -