TY - JOUR
T1 - Measuring depression after spinal cord injury
T2 - Development and psychometric characteristics of the SCI-QOL depression item bank and linkage with PHQ-9
AU - Tulsky, David S.
AU - Kisala, Pamela A.
AU - Kalpakjian, Claire Z.
AU - Bombardier, Charles H.
AU - Pohlig, Ryan T.
AU - Heinemann, Allen W.
AU - Carle, Adam
AU - Choi, Seung W.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Academy of Spinal Cord Injury Professionals, Inc. 2015.
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - Objective: To develop a calibrated spinal cord injury-quality of life (SCI-QOL) item bank, computer adaptive test (CAT), and short form to assess depressive symptoms experienced by individuals with SCI, transform scores to the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) metric, and create a crosswalk to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. Design: We used grounded-theory based qualitative item development methods, large-scale item calibration field testing, confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory (IRT) analyses, and statistical linking techniques to transform scores to a PROMIS metric and to provide a crosswalk with the PHQ-9. Setting: Five SCI Model System centers and one Department of Veterans Affairs medical center in the United States. Participants: Adults with traumatic SCI. Main Outcome Measures: Spinal Cord Injury - Quality of Life (SCI-QOL) Depression Item Bank Results: Individuals with SCI were involved in all phases of SCI-QOL development. A sample of 716 individuals with traumatic SCI completed 35 items assessing depression, 18 of which were PROMIS items. After removing 7 non-PROMIS items, factor analyses confirmed a unidimensional pool of items. We used a graded response IRT model to estimate slopes and thresholds for the 28 retained items. The SCI-QOL Depression measure correlated 0.76 with the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The SCI-QOL Depression item bank provides a reliable and sensitive measure of depressive symptoms with scores reported in terms of general population norms. We provide a crosswalk to the PHQ-9 to facilitate comparisons between measures. The item bank may be administered as a CAT or as a short form and is suitable for research and clinical applications.
AB - Objective: To develop a calibrated spinal cord injury-quality of life (SCI-QOL) item bank, computer adaptive test (CAT), and short form to assess depressive symptoms experienced by individuals with SCI, transform scores to the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) metric, and create a crosswalk to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. Design: We used grounded-theory based qualitative item development methods, large-scale item calibration field testing, confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory (IRT) analyses, and statistical linking techniques to transform scores to a PROMIS metric and to provide a crosswalk with the PHQ-9. Setting: Five SCI Model System centers and one Department of Veterans Affairs medical center in the United States. Participants: Adults with traumatic SCI. Main Outcome Measures: Spinal Cord Injury - Quality of Life (SCI-QOL) Depression Item Bank Results: Individuals with SCI were involved in all phases of SCI-QOL development. A sample of 716 individuals with traumatic SCI completed 35 items assessing depression, 18 of which were PROMIS items. After removing 7 non-PROMIS items, factor analyses confirmed a unidimensional pool of items. We used a graded response IRT model to estimate slopes and thresholds for the 28 retained items. The SCI-QOL Depression measure correlated 0.76 with the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The SCI-QOL Depression item bank provides a reliable and sensitive measure of depressive symptoms with scores reported in terms of general population norms. We provide a crosswalk to the PHQ-9 to facilitate comparisons between measures. The item bank may be administered as a CAT or as a short form and is suitable for research and clinical applications.
KW - Depression
KW - Health-related quality of life
KW - Outcomes assessment (healthcare)
KW - Patient reported outcomes
KW - Spinal cord injuries
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U2 - 10.1179/2045772315Y.0000000020
DO - 10.1179/2045772315Y.0000000020
M3 - Article
C2 - 26010968
AN - SCOPUS:84941217953
SN - 1079-0268
VL - 38
SP - 335
EP - 346
JO - Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine
JF - Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine
IS - 3
ER -