Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the natural history of metabolic uncoupling (type B hyperlactemia and hyperglycemia) following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to determine the impact of insulin therapy on time to lactate normalization in patients without low cardiac output. Design: The design used was a retrospective cohort study. Setting: The study was set in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit in a tertiary-care urban children's hospital. Patients: All patients were aged ≤21 years admitted between 2007 and 2013 following cardiac surgery involving CPB with empiric intraoperative corticosteroids. Eligibility criteria: simultaneous hyperlactemia (≥3.5 mEq/L) and hyperglycemia (≥200 mg/dL) within 48 hours after bypass. Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were evidence of low cardiac output state, diabetes or postoperative steroid administration. Interventions: Characteristics were compared between those treated with insulin and those who were not (controls). Outcome Measures: Outcome measures used were time from admission to onset of hyperglycemia and hyperlactemia and time to resolution. Clinical outcomes included duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, unplanned readmission/reoperation, hypoglycemia and death. Results: Of the 1345 patients receiving CPB, 132 (9.8%) met inclusion criteria. Seventy-eight (59%) were treated with insulin, leaving 54 controls. Patient characteristics, surgical complexity and time to onset of hyperglycemia and hyperlactemia were similar between groups. The insulin group had a shorter duration of hyperglycemia. There was no significant difference between groups in time to lactate normalization, ventilator days, length of stay, readmission and reoperation rates. Hypoglycemia (<60mg/dL) occurred in three patients. Conclusions: In children with metabolic uncoupling after CPB, insulin use did not shorten the time to lactate normalization or alter clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that type B hyperlactemia with hyperglycemia after CPB will resolve spontaneously and does not warrant specific treatment.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | E250-E257 |
Journal | Congenital Heart Disease |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 1 2015 |
Keywords
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Hyperglycemia
- Insulin
- Lactate
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Surgery
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine