Microwave ablation of hepatic tumors using dual-loop probes: Results of a phase I clinical trial

Hepatic tumors are a common cause of death worldwide. However, few patients are candidates for resection at the time of presentation. Microwave ablation is a viable alternative available for these patients. To date, only straight antennas are used for microwave ablation. Recently, a prototype loop-shaped microwave antenna was developed that, in animal studies, more effectively kills tumors. For this study, the dual-probe lesions were created by placing the probes in both tumors and normal livers. Lesions were created with 60 watts applied power for 5-7 minutes. The livers were sectioned and stained for viability. The average ablation volume was 63.9 ± 8.7 cm³. Microwave ablation with the loop probes results in complete tumor kill at the ablation/tumor interface, and adjacent to surrounding blood vessels. In addition, vessels within the ablation/tumor interface failed to show viable cells. The shape of the lesions was not distorted by proximity to blood vessels. The advantages of this configuration over conventional straight probes include the ability to encircle a tumor, deliver large amounts of precisely targeted microwave energy to the tumor, and spare normal liver outside the loop.