Abstract
Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 263-277 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Trends in Neurosciences |
Volume | 42 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2019 |
Funding
Relevant work in the Popko laboratory has been supported by grants from the NIH (NS034939, NS109372, NS067550), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (RG-1501-02797, PP-1603-08106), the Myelin Repair Foundation, and the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation. In this review, the authors focused primarily on recently published work; we apologize to all the colleagues whose work was not cited due to space limitations. Relevant work in the Popko laboratory has been supported by grants from the NIH ( NS034939 , NS109372 , NS067550 ), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society ( RG-1501-02797 , PP-1603-08106 ), the Myelin Repair Foundation , and the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation . In this review, the authors focused primarily on recently published work; we apologize to all the colleagues whose work was not cited due to space limitations.
Keywords
- myelin
- oligodendrocyte lineage progression
- oligodendrocytes
- transcription factors
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Neuroscience