Molecular Control of Oligodendrocyte Development

Benayahu Elbaz; Brian Popko

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.01.002

Molecular Control of Oligodendrocyte Development

Benayahu Elbaz, Brian Popko^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Neurology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	263-277
Number of pages	15
Journal	Trends in Neurosciences
Volume	42
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2019.01.002
State	Published - Apr 2019

Keywords

myelin
oligodendrocyte lineage progression
oligodendrocytes
transcription factors

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Neuroscience(all)

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title = "Molecular Control of Oligodendrocyte Development",

abstract = "Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.",

keywords = "myelin, oligodendrocyte lineage progression, oligodendrocytes, transcription factors",

author = "Benayahu Elbaz and Brian Popko",

note = "Funding Information: Relevant work in the Popko laboratory has been supported by grants from the NIH ( NS034939 , NS109372 , NS067550 ), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society ( RG-1501-02797 , PP-1603-08106 ), the Myelin Repair Foundation , and the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation . In this review, the authors focused primarily on recently published work; we apologize to all the colleagues whose work was not cited due to space limitations.",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1016/j.tins.2019.01.002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "42",

pages = "263--277",

journal = "Trends in Neurosciences",

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AU - Elbaz, Benayahu

AU - Popko, Brian

N1 - Funding Information: Relevant work in the Popko laboratory has been supported by grants from the NIH ( NS034939 , NS109372 , NS067550 ), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society ( RG-1501-02797 , PP-1603-08106 ), the Myelin Repair Foundation , and the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation . In this review, the authors focused primarily on recently published work; we apologize to all the colleagues whose work was not cited due to space limitations.

PY - 2019/4

Y1 - 2019/4

N2 - Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.

AB - Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.

KW - myelin

KW - oligodendrocyte lineage progression

KW - oligodendrocytes

KW - transcription factors

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