Myoid gonadal stromal tumours are characterised by recurrent chromosome-level copy number gains: molecular assessment of a multi-institutional series

Katrina Collins, Lynette M. Sholl, Stephanie Siegmund, Brendan C. Dickson, Maurizio Colecchia, Květoslava Michalová, Michael Hwang, Thomas M. Ulbright, Chia Sui Kao, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Vikas Mehta, Kiril Trpkov, Asli Yilmaz, Alessia Cimadamore, Andres Matoso, Jonathan I. Epstein, Fiona Maclean, Eva Comperat, William J. Anderson, Christopher D.M. FletcherAndrés M. Acosta*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Myoid gonadal stromal tumours (MGST) represent a rare type of testicular sex cord-stromal tumour that has recently been recognised as a distinct entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of genitourinary tumours. MGSTs affect adult men and have been reported to behave in an indolent fashion. Histologically, MGSTs are pure spindle cell neoplasms that coexpress SMA and S100 protein. Given that the molecular features of these neoplasms remain largely undescribed, we evaluated a multi-institutional series of MGSTs using DNA and RNA sequencing. This study included 12 tumours from 12 patients aged 28 to 57 years. Tumour sizes ranged from 0.6 to 4.3 cm. Aggressive histologic features, such as vascular invasion, necrosis, invasive growth, and atypical mitoses were invariably absent. Mitotic activity was low, with a median of less than 1 mitosis per 10 high power fields (HPF; maximum: 3 mitoses per 10 HPF). Molecular analyses did not identify recurrent mutations or gene fusions. All cases with interpretable copy number variant data (9/10 cases sequenced successfully) demonstrated a consistent pattern of chromosome arm-level and whole-chromosome-level copy number gains indicative of ploidy shifts, with recurrent gains involving chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14q, 15q, 17, 18q, 20, and 21q. Similar findings have also been recognised in pure spindle cell and spindle-cell predominant sex cord-stromal tumours without S100 protein expression. MGSTs are characterised by ploidy shifts and may be part of a larger spectrum of spindle cell-predominant sex cord-stromal tumours, including cases without S100 protein expression.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)431-438
Number of pages8
JournalHistopathology
Volume82
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2023

Keywords

  • myoid gonadal stromal tumour
  • sex cord-stromal tumour
  • spindle cell tumour
  • testicular tumour
  • testis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pathology and Forensic Medicine
  • Histology

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